252 On the Sites of Nikaia and Boukephalon. [No. 3. 



camp to be enlarged and beds to be left of larger size than suits the 

 human frame ; that he might exaggerate the appearance of all things, 

 deceptively fashioning miracles for posterity." Strabo says : " Alexan- 

 der, upon the limits of his Indian expedition, placed altars at the 

 utmost point to which he had attained Eastward, imitating Hercules 

 and Dionysus, whose practice it had been."* Pliny, (I quote from 

 Holland's translation,) says, " from which (i. e. Udaspes) to Upasis, a 

 river of no lesse account than the other, 4900 or 3900 (query miles? or 

 stadia?) and there an end of Alexander's voiage. Howbeit, he passed 

 over the river, and on the other side of the banke, hee erected certaine 

 altars and pillars and there dedicated them."f Plutarch says : " How- 

 ever, he first contrived many vain and sophistical things to serve 

 the purposes of fame : among which were arms much bigger than 

 his men could use, and higher mangers and heavier bits than his 

 horses required, left scattered up and down. He built also great altars 



* ^EvOa Sr? SieAcbv Kura rd£eis t))v (rrpariav, dcvSena fiwp.ovs KaTaaK€vd£eiv 

 Trpoar arret' v\pos jx\v, Kara robs fieylarovs irvpyovs' evpos Se, ^i^ovas in ^ Kara, 

 Trvpyovs' x a P l(rT VP La - T °?S ©ecus ro?s es ro<s6vZs ayayovcriv avrbv viK&vra, Kal 

 tAvr)/AU<x rcou avrov ttovqov. 'fls Se KarecrKevaff/xiuoi avra ot fioo/jiol iqcrav, 6vei S77 iir' 

 avrow, cos v6/aos' ical ay&va voie? yv(xviK6v re Kal iirinKov. Arrian, v. 29. 



Tertio die processit, erigique duodecim aras ex quadrato saxo, monumentura expe- 

 ditionis suae ; munitnenta quoque castrorum jussit extendi, cubiliaque amplioris 

 formse quam pro corporum habitu relinqui ; ut speciem omnium augeret, posteri- 

 tati fallax miraculum prseparans. Q. Curtius, ix. 3. 



A gigantic iron stirrup was some years ago found near the Indus. The people 

 attributed it, some to Alexander, some to Raja Russaloo. A curious tradition 

 exists of the conquest of Publi, in Huzara, by the Sahanties from beyond the 

 Indus. The Sahanties are more celebrated for contrivance and wiles than for 

 courage. Their chief, arriving by night at the shrine of Meean Khaki in Publi, 

 departed before daybreak, leaving behind him an iron drinking vessel of capacity 

 to hold 300 lbs. of water; an iron club, thirty feet in length ; and a pair of well 

 worn slippers, six feet in length. The people in the morning came timorously to 

 peep at the redoubted Sahantie invader. They found, not him, but these gigantic 

 tokens of his visit : struck with terror, a general council was called, and the sub- 

 mission of the valley was tendered to the Sahantie. This event may not be wholly 

 unfounded on fact, and if so, the device may have been suggested by some tradition 

 of Alexander's trick. 



'AAe|afSpos 5e rrjs 'IvSlktis crrparuis opia (Zcc/movs e6ero 4v to?s tottoiS els ovs 

 vardrov; acpLKsro ruu Trpbs ra?j avaroAcus 'ivo'cov, pufiov^evos rbv 'Hpai<\ea Kal rbv 

 Aiouvaov. Strabo iii. 171. 



f See Pliny vi. Book, — p. 125, Holland's translation. 



