1852.] On the Sites of Nikaia and Boukephalon. 25i 



connected by tradition with Atuk and claiming past authority up to 

 that fortress and to Chehl a Jungie, East of Morgulla, which gives 

 them exactly what I conceive to have been the dominion of Taxiles, 

 viz. Gundgurh, Kurri, Hurrah, Chuch, and Qatur, yet they disclaim 

 altogether this history, calling themselves Yoosufzyes and tracing 

 their genealogy only eight generations back to Tar Khaun,* whose 

 grandson Boolind crossed the Indus with the conqueror Ahmed Shah, 

 from whom he fraudulently obtained the grant in Jaghir of Gundgurh, 

 Hurrah and Kurri. 



That the old Tarkhaili clan should have been driven into banish- 

 ment trans-Indus is not at all wonderful. That they should there have 

 nourished the remembrance of their lost power and have bequeathed 

 the record from father to son is quite natural : nor were it any novel 

 phenomenon to find Ahmed Shah using their agency as the means of 

 his own conquests. But the difficulty is in their belief that the Tar 

 Khaun of Ahmed Shah's day was the founder of their clan and name. 



Still, it is so difficult to imagine any other Punjaubi name that 

 could be made into Taxiles, or to imagine two distinct families of Tar- 

 khaili, the one succeeding to exactly the power and realm of the other 

 after a lapse of 2000 years, without any affinity ; that I should prefer 

 the surmise, either that the genealogy is imperfectly preserved or that 

 there were two Tar Khauns in the family at long intervals of time. 

 The genealogy of the Tarkhailis is not preserved in writing and they 

 have no bards, 



As to the supposed difficulty of Taxiles having been an Eusufzye, 

 it is in fact no difficulty. The Yoosufzye, who call themselves to this 

 dayf Issupzye, are beyond doubt the Aspasioi of Arrian, as the Asta- 

 kenoi,^ ortribeof AshtaKhan, of Arrian, are the founders of Hustnugur, 



* The genealogy runs thus. It is not preserved in writing and they have no 

 bards to preserve it in song. 



1st. Adeen Khaun, Jogi Khaun, Tar Khaun, Taj Khaun, Boolind Khaun, Futteh 

 Khaun, Zuffur Khaun, Sher Zemaun Khaun, Khaun iZemaun Khaun, Khyrood- 

 deen Khaun, living. 



f Yoosufzye should, I believe, rather be written and pronounced Asifzye, which 

 runs easily into Aspasioi. Asif and Afghana are the two fathers of the Pathan race. 



+ In spite of Professor Wilson's objection to the title or terminal, Khaun, as 

 Turkish, and therefore not introduced until the time of the Turkish conquests ; the 

 constant occurrence of this terminal in countries and tribes where still in use ren- 

 ders it almost certain that it was known there in Alexander's day. The tract we 



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