Z. F. Ward — Famous Fossil Cycad. 49 



1 844. Raumeria Reichenbachiana Goppert in Wimmer : Flora 



von Schlesien, Ed. II, vol. II, p. 217 (nomen). 

 1853. Raumeria Reichenbachiana Gopp. : Jubilaums-Denk- 



schrift d. Schles. Ges. f. vat. Cult., p. 262, pi. viii, figs. 



4-7 ; pi. ix. 

 1892. Cycadeoidea Reichenbachiana (Gopp.) Cap. and Solms : 



Mem. Real. Accad. Sci. 1st. Bologna, Ser. V, Tom. II, 



p. 188. 

 1894. Cycadeoidea Reichenbachiana (Gopp.) Cap. and Solms. 



Ward : Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. IX, p. 85. 

 1899. Cycadeoidea Reichenbachiana (Gopp.) Cap. and Solms. 



Ward : Nineteenth Ann. Rep. IT. S. Geol. Surv., 1897-98, 



pp. 601, 604, pi. lix. 



Trunks large, cylindrical or subcorneal, little compressed, the 

 longer diameter 54 cm at the base and 52 cm near the middle, the 

 shorter 44 cm at the base and 42 cm near the middle, unbranched ; 

 rock very hard and chert-like, black, becoming light gray on 

 long exposed surfaces, fine-grained, breaking with a conchoidal 

 fracture, of high specific gravity ; organs of the armor all 

 slightly and uniformly ascending; phyllotaxy much inter- 

 rupted and irregular but consisting of two spiral rows of which 

 those from left to right form an angle of about 45°, and those 

 from right to left of about 25° or 30° with the axis, the former 

 much more clear ; leaf scars subrhombic, the lower angle 

 obtuse, the two upper sides commonly reduced to a curve or 

 arch, somewhat uniform in size, averaging 25 mm in width (but 

 showing extremes ranging from 15 mm to 30 mm ) and 13 mm in 

 height showing extremes from 10 mm to 20 mm ; leaf bases usually 

 visible at the bottom of deep areolae, the depth varying from 

 2 cm to 6 cm , probably all disarticulated at a natural joint, the 

 somewhat spongy or porous interior inclosed in a sheath of 

 firm, fine grained material which itself consists of two plates, 

 the two together about # 5 mm thick ; vascular bundles invisible, 

 perhaps inclosed between the two plates of the sheath ; walls 

 very thick but varying from 2 mm to 15 mm , averaging about l cm , 

 rough and irregularly grooved on the outer surface, sometimes 

 showing a median line, often traversed by bract scars ; repro- 

 ductive organs very large, numerous and prominent, distorting 

 the arrangement of the leaf scars, elliptical in cross section, the 

 longer axis often 7 cm or 8 cm , the shorter 4 cm or 5 cm , but varying 

 greatly in size and sometimes appearing to coalesce ; involu- 

 cral bract scars numerous and conspicuous, covering most of 

 the surface of the trunk, spirally arranged around the spadices 

 but straggling out over the surface of the walls, semilunar, tri- 

 angular or subrhombic, rather small (3 ram to 6 mm long, l mm to 

 3 mm wide) ; central portion of the inflorescences often covered 

 with scars or markings, sometimes solid and raised l cm to 2 cm 

 above the general surface, a few concave and showing a radiate 



Am. Jour. Sci.— Fourth Series, Vol. XVIII, No. 103.— July, 1904. 



4 



