24: I?. 8. Lull — Dinosaurian Distribution. 



may Lave found means of introduction by floating timber ; the 

 absence of any indigenous mammals other than bats, a rat, and 

 the Maori dog, the introduction of which may be as readily 

 accounted for; — all of these evidences seem to me to point to an 

 utter isolation geographically on the part of New Zealand since 

 the close of the Permian. L>e Lapparent's maps (1906) indicate 

 a continuous New Zealand- Australian connection into the basal 

 Eocene — long after the breaking up of the Gondwana conti- 

 nent. The biological evidence which I have given strongly 

 opposes this view. 



During Jurassic times the record of Theropoda (tig. 3) is 

 practically continuous in England and. Europe, and one Megalo- 

 saur has been described by Smith Woodward (1906) from the 

 Lower Jurassic of Cape Patterson, Victoria, Australia, about 

 the nearest point toward the unattainable New Zealand. 



For Africa, South America, and most strikingly for North 

 America, the known Theropod record is a perfect blank 

 throughout the Jurassic, though the remains of other dinosaurs 

 are sparingly known. This is unquestionably due to dearth of 

 known terrestrial deposits in Africa and North America, for 

 the few which exist have thus far yielded no dinosaur remainsi 

 As for South America, it may be that the migrant dinosaurs 

 did not arrive until the beginning of Lower Cretaceous time. 



The Lower Cretaceous (fig. 4 N i saw the Theropoda at their 

 widest extent, the Wealden of England and the Morrison 

 and basal Potomac of North America having yielded a mar- 

 velous assemblage of types. In Europe their record is seen 

 somewhat scatteringly throughout the Lower and Upper Creta- 

 ceous, indicating that they inhabited the whole area through- 

 out the period. In North America, while there are extensive 

 breaks in the continuity of the record, the great numbers and 

 wide distribution at the beginning and end imply an equally 

 extensive distribution in time and space. Central Africa, near 

 the Tchad See, yields theropod remains during the Cenoma- 

 nian ; Madagascar, India and Australia as well in beds of 

 approximately equivalent age ; while in the neighborhood of 

 Bahia, Brazil, in beds of an age equivalent to the Wealden, is 

 found the first positive indication that these forms had reached 

 South America. Having once found a foothold in South 

 America, the Theropoda lingered on until the close of the Cre- 

 taceous, as their remains are reported from several localities in 

 Patagonia in the Guaranitic (Danian) strata. 



Sauropoda. 



The Sauropoda (fig. 5) are also very widespread though 

 evidently local in distribution owing to necessary peculiarities 

 in habitat and food. Their appearance in time is startling, as 



