392 E. W. Berry — Pleistocene Flora of Alabama. 



believed to belong to this species have been collected by the 

 writer from the Pleistocene of New Jersey. 



The present record is based on cones and cone-scales from 

 locality No. 4 and seeds from locality No. 6. The cones are 

 frequent at the former locality but much water worn; some of 

 the scales, however, preserve the characteristic markings of 

 the species. 



PlNUS ECHINATA Mill. 



Hollick, Md. Geol. Surv., Pli. and Pleist., p. 217, pi. 67, fig. 1, 1906. 



This is a species found on sandy soils from ]S r ew York to 

 northern Florida and west to northeastern Texas, reaching its 

 greatest development in the Mississippi Valley. Cones have 

 been recorded in the Pleistocene as common in the Talbot 

 formation of Maryland and the present record is based upon 

 seeds which are common in the clay at locality No. 2. 



Arxtndinaria macrosperma Michx. 



In the recent flora this species forms those remarkable plant 

 associations known as " canebrakes " in the bottom lands along 

 the larger streams from southern Virginia to Florida and 

 Louisiana and extending up the Mississippi Valley to Missouri 

 and Kentucky. It has not previously been recorded in the 

 fossil state but was evidently common in Alabama during 

 Pleistocene time since characteristic fragments of the leaves 

 have been collected from localities No. 1, 4, and 5. 



Juglans nigra Linne. 



Berry, Torreya, vol. ix, p. 98, fig. 6, 1909. 



In the recent flora this species is found in rich soil from 

 Canada to Minnesota and south to Florida and Texas. In 

 Alabama according to Mohr it is found scattered in rich bottom 

 lands from the Tennessee Valley to the Coast Pine belt, spread- 

 ing southward along the banks of the larger rivers. As a 

 fossil it was recently recorded by the writer from the Talbot 

 formation in Maryland, the remains consisting of the character- 

 istic nuts. The Alabama occurrence is based upon a single 

 nut from locality No. 4. 



Hicoria villosa (Sargent) Ashe. 



This species, differentiated from the common Hicoria glabra 

 by Sargent, is an inhabitant of the Carolinian zone ranging 

 from Delaware to Georgia and Alabama. In the latter state 

 it is said to be one of the commonest hickories in the upland 

 and mountainous parts of the state, extending southward to 

 the Coast Pine belt. It has not been previously found fossil, 

 the present record being based upon several hasks and three 



