HOLMES ANNIVERSARY VOLUME 



in subject and direct object of transitive verbs, the objective element 

 following the subjective; series iv subject, referential object, and 

 direct object, the elements appearing in the order here named ; series 

 v to vil, inclusive, are reflexive pronouns, series v indicating the 

 subject-object relation comparable to series ill, series VI being re- 

 quired by certain verbs, and corresponding in form to series II, series 

 vn being the same as series in except that the reflexive element re- 

 places the direct object. The pronouns will be better understood from 

 the following tabulations. 



I. PREFIXED SUBJECTIVE PRONOUNS 



I 



fl- 









we (d.) 

 we (pi.) 



aw— 



i- 









you (s.) 

 you (d.) 

 you (pi.) 



a n - 



man- 



ma n - 



an. 





inan. 





he, she, it 



— 



— 





na n - 



they (d.) 

 they (pi.) 



an- 



i- 



an- 



u- 





na n - 

 na n - 



The prefixed subjective pronouns are used only with intransitive 

 verbs and with the passive voice of transitive verbs. Subjective- 

 objective pronouns (series in, below) are required with the active 

 voice of transitive verbs, even though it is not definitely stated what 

 the object is. Examples: ama n , I went; amu n ja, I was seen. 



This is the series simplest in form, used subjectively only. But 

 when compounded (see other series below) its forms can indicate also 

 objective and referential case. First and third person an. dual are 

 alike, also first and third person an. plural are alike. This identity 

 extends to certain forms in series III, IV, and vil. The forms an- and 

 man- represent *ana n -, *ma n na n -, the fuller forms being preserved 

 when -m- and -u- are postfixed. See the following series. 



II. PREFIXED POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS 



my 



our (d.) 

 our (pi.) 



with an. noun 



(s.) 



an— 



(pi.) 



ana"m- 



(s.) 



kan— 



(pi-) 



kana"m- 



(s.) 



ki— 



(pi.) 



kim- 





with 



inan. 



noun 





an- 









anna n - 



ana n u- 









anna"- 



kan- 









kanna n - 



kana"u- 









kanna"- 



ki— 









kina"- 



kiu- 









kina n - 



[144] 



