HOLMES ANNIVERSARY VOLUME 







me or us 











you (s., d., 



or pi.) 



mai- 



an. obj. 





inan. 



obj. 









him or her them 



it 



them 





it or them 



you (s.) 





a- i— 



a- 



ku- 





ana n - 



you (d.) 





man- ma"pdn- 



man- 



man- 





manna n - 



you (pi.) 





ma n - ma n pi- 

 an. obj. 



ma n - 



ma n u- 

 inan. 



obj. 



ma n na n - 







him or her them 



it 



them 





it or them 



he, she 





— i— 



— 



u- 





na n - 



they (d.) 





an— a"pan— 



an- 



an- 





anna"- 



they (pi.) 





i- ipi- 



i— 



iu 





ina"- 



This series indicates the relation of subject and direct object. 

 Examples: tisudamu n , I see a dog, ahiumu n , I see stones. 



All the combinations of dual or plural subject with third person 

 animate plural object are composed of a subjective pronoun of series 

 I plus a connective -p- followed again by a pronoun of series I here 

 used objectively, a n pdn- and ma n pan- occurring however instead of 

 *anpan- and *manpan-. Thus ipi-, they pi. — them pi. an., says really 

 they pi. — they pi. ; i-, they — him, is i-, they pi., plus nothing, which is 

 the sign of the third person singular subjective. Likewise *— , he or she 

 — them an. and u-, he or she — them inan. are merely the subjective 

 pronouns i- and u- used objectively, the first member of the pronomi- 

 nal compound being nothing. The forms indicating we pi., you pi., and 

 they pi. with plural inanimate objects (kin-, ma n n-, and in-) are iden- 

 tical with the corresponding possessive forms (series il). We d. — them 

 inan., kan-, is the same as the first person dual possessive form (series 

 il) with singular noun. Forms indicating I — them inan. (a-), wed. — 

 him or her or it inan. (an-), we pi. — him or her or it inan. (i-), you 

 d. — him or her or it inan. (man-), you pi. — him or her or it inan. 

 (ma n -), they d. — him or her or it inan. (an-) and they pi. — him or her 

 or it inan. (i-) are the same as the corresponding subjective forms 

 (series i). a"-, I or we — you s. is the same as the subjective a n -, you 

 s. ma"pdn-, I or we — you d. and ma n pi-, I or we — you pi. are the 

 same as the you d. — them an., you pi. — them an. forms. This sub- 

 stitution of second person dual and plural for first person dual and 

 plural forms is carried out consistently throughout series iv and vn. 

 mai-, initial m— identical with the m— of other second person forms, 

 indicates second person subject — first person object, irrespective of 

 number, ti— , I — him or her or it inan., pi-, I — them an., a-, you s. — 

 him or her or it inan., i— , you s. — them an. (identical with i-, he or 



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