HRDLICKA— CHIPPEWA ANTHROPOLOGY 



DEVELOPMENT OF SUPRAORBITAL RIDGES 



Males Females 



Subjects Per cent Subjects Per cent 



Hardly any . . . I 2 



Submedium . . . 2 5 



About as in average whites 1 6 22 52 



Above medium 8 47 14 33 



Pronounced 8 47 3 7 



In the most marked cases the ridges approached a complete arch; 

 but generally they were restricted to the median half to two-thirds 

 of the supraorbital space. 



Molars. — The malars were found invariably larger or more promi- 

 nent than in average whites, and in many instances the excess over 

 the same features in the whites was very marked. The detailed 

 records show the following conditions: 



PROMINENCE OF MALAR BONES 1 



Males Females 

 Subjects Per cent Subjects Per cent 

 Moderate, as average in white Ameri- 

 cans, in . ■ 



Fairly prominent or large 5 29 14 33 



Prominent or large 9 53 22 52 



As here used, "large" and "prominent" are almost equivalent char- 

 acters, the chief difference being that the first term is more applicable 

 to those in whom the face is full. In the same persons when emaciated 

 or aged, the malars would appear prominent. 



Nose: Root. — The root of the nose in Indians at large is on the 

 average appreciably stouter than in the whites; and the same condi- 

 tion prevails among the full-blood Chippewa. This characteristic is 

 of some importance and tends to disappear in the mixed-bloods. 



Bridge. — The nasal bridge among the Chippewa was never found 

 to be very high. As to its outline, this was markedly aquiline in only 

 a little more than one-fourth of the males and in none of the females. 

 In the females, as will be seen from the following detailed records, 

 it was most frequently straight, more or less concave, or concavo- 

 convex. 



BRIDGE OF THE NOSE 



Males Females 



Subjects Per cent Subjects Per cent 



Straight or nearly so, in 2 12 II 26 



[slightly . 5 12 



Convex < moderately 4 23 1 2 



[markedly 5 29 



'Above medium of average whites, males, 3, or 17 per cent. 

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