HOLMES ANNIVERSARY VOLUME 



In the United States whites, 1 the two heights of the face average 

 respectively in the males 12 and 18.4 centimeters, in the females 1 1. 1 

 and 17.5 centimeters, showing smaller dimensions than presented by 

 the Chippewa, particularly in the females. 



Breadth of Face. — The breadth of the face (diam. bizygomatic 

 max.) is but little affected by age after the thirtieth year, so that use 

 can be made in the present case of the observations on the entire 

 series of individuals studied. The results obtained are given in con- 

 densed form below. 



BREADTH OF FACE 

 (Diam. bizygom. max.) 



Cm. 



13-5 



13.51-14.0 



14.01-14.5 



i4-55-i5-o 



i5-oi-i5-5 



15.51-16.0 



Average 



Minimum 



Maximum 



Males 



Females 



Per cent. 



Per cent 





2 





38 



18 



34 " 



29 



24 



29 



2 



24 





15.15 cm. 



14.24 cm. 



14.4 cm. 



13.5 cm. 



16.0 cm. 



15.2 cm. 



The breadth of the Chippewa face is seen to be rather high in 

 both sexes. As shown below, it exceeds that of any of the South- 

 western tribes which stand nearest in stature, and it is considerably in 

 excess of the facial breadth that prevailed among the Eastern 

 Algonquians. 2 



FACIAL BREADTH IN TRIBES OF SIMILAR STATURE 



Havasupai . 

 Papago. . . 

 Mohave. . . 

 Pima 



Chippewa. . 



Males 



Females 



Cm. 



Cm. 



14-7 





14.2 



13-3 



14.8 



14.O 



14.4 



13-7 



15-15 



14.24 



Excessive bizygomatic breadth, such as here observed, goes hand 

 in hand with strong development of the temporal muscles, which in 

 turn characterizes more especially the hunting tribes; and the Chip- 

 pewa were in the main hunters and fishermen. 



In Old-American whites the average breadth of the face is only 

 13.9 centimeters in the males and 13 centimeters in the females, and 



1 Americans of three or more generations. 



2 See the writer's Physical Anthropology of the Lenape, etc., 1916, p. 123. 



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