MICHELSON— PIEGAN CONSANGUINITY 



not wholly certain whether the term given for brother-in-law, with 

 female speaker, is justified. According to Michelson's information 

 the term given for "my sister" should be qualified with "male 

 speaker", though Uhlenbeck does not do so. The terms given for 

 nephew and niece are simply built up from different words, namely, 

 elder brother's son, sister's son; elder brother's daughter, sister's 

 daughter. The present writer cannot confirm the term given for 

 "my grandchild" without specifying the sex; yet etymologically it 

 clearly is related to the term given for "my grandson". Summing up, 

 we must say that so far as accuracy in the application of the terms 

 given is concerned, Tims's work is a distinct improvement on that of 

 Morgan. Note especially that the terms for "my younger brother, 

 sister" are correctly distinguished by the qualifying statement whether 

 the speaker is male or female. 



Turning now to Grinnell's list, it should be said the principal 

 terms are given. Naturally in a popular book such as his, we cannot 

 expect very refined phonetics; but it should be noted at the outset 

 that the term given for "son-in-law" coincides with the one for "my 

 elder brother" (and "my uncle") only because of inaccurate pho- 

 netics. The information of both Uhlenbeck and Michelson makes this 

 absolutely certain. In cases where it is imperative to know the sex 

 of the. speaker, we are without this information. Thus the terms 

 given for "my younger brother" and "my younger sister" are correct 

 if the speakers are male and female respectively; but no intimation 

 is given of this, nor that the terms would be different according to 

 the sex of the speaker. As this matter is treated at some length above 

 in the discussion of Morgan's schedules, it is unnecessary to go into 

 this further. The term for "my aunt" is correct for "my maternal 

 aunt" only, as is shown by the information of Wissler, Curtis, and 

 Michelson. That for "my daughter-in-law" is opposed to the informa- 

 tion of Morgan, Tims, Wissler, Uhlenbeck, and Michelson. Accord- 

 ing to the last, the term given means "my wife's sister", "my chum's 

 wife", "the wife of a co-member of my society". For the meaning 

 Morgan gives to the term, see above. The term given for "my 

 brother-in-law" suffers from the following defects: (i) the sex of the 

 speaker is not noted; (2) "my wife's brother" and "my sister's hus- 

 band" are not the same with a male speaker, nor are "my husband's 

 brother" and "my sister's husband" with a female speaker, unless 

 the husband and his brother are twins; (3) older and younger brother- 

 in-law are artificially distinguished: the term for "my brother-in-law 

 younger than self" has the simple diminutive suffix, and is derived 

 from the term given for "my brother-in-law older than self". Other 



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