MILLS— THE TREMPER MOUND 



horn tannery, where General U. S. Grant is said to have worked for 

 a short time. According to Mr Frank Johnson, who was employed 

 as a workman at the time of the exploration of the mound, his father, 

 Lewis H. Johnson, was foreman of the tannery when General Grant 

 was employed therein. 



THE TOPOGRAPHY OF THE COUNTY 



Scioto county for the greater part is broken and hilly. The 

 Scioto river flows directly through the county, from north to south, 

 to its junction with the Ohio river at Portsmouth. The mouth of 

 the Scioto is 90 feet below the level of Lake Erie, while its waters at 

 Columbus are more than 300 feet above the low-water mark of the 

 Ohio, showing that the average fall per mile between Columbus and 

 Portsmouth is more than three feet. The valley of the Scioto is the 

 broadest and perhaps the most fertile of any of the rivers flowing 

 into the Ohio. 



The hills and ridges of Scioto county are simply the remnants of 

 what once were continuous rock strata, now chiseled and sculptured 

 by the tireless action of the water and other natural agencies. Man 

 has furthered the transformation by denuding the hills of their tangled 

 forests, so that on every hand, instead of woodland, are seen cultivated 

 fields and pasture lands. 



GEOLOGY 



From an archeological veiwpoint, Scioto county presents several 

 interesting features as regards geological formations. Among these 

 are the outcropping, along the east bank of Scioto river, of the Ohio 

 pipestone (fireclay), and on the west bank of the river, of the Ohio 

 black shale, the latter underlying the whole county. 



The Ohio pipestone deposit extends over the eastern part of the 

 county, beginning at the Scioto river, where the outcrop lies high up 

 on the hills and gradually dips to the southeast, and continuing 

 until in the eastern part of the county the outcrop lies low down near 

 the base of the hills. The pipestone stratum varies in thickness 

 from one and one-half feet to eleven feet, the average being three and 

 one-half or four feet. In color it varies greatly, ranging from almost 

 white, through all the various shades of color, to dark-red. The 

 dark-red variety is scarcely distinguishable from the Minnesota pipe- 

 stone. The Ohio pipestone was extensively used by prehistoric man 

 in this region for making tobacco pipes. Of the 145 pipes taken from 

 the Tremper mound, all but four were made from that material, the 



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