MILLS— THE TREMPER MOUND 



addition the following sculptures were found: gray fox, porcupine, 

 dog, deer, rabbit, and mink. 



While the art shown in the Tremper mound pipes in general is 

 superior to the Mound City specimens, both as to sculpture of the 

 various animal and bird forms, and in their fidelity to nature, the 

 technique in both instances is strikingly similar. 



The Tremper mound site is not so large as the Mound City group 

 site, but the protecting earthwork surrounding it is similar. The 

 unfortunate lack of detailed information concerning the mounds in 

 the Mound City group, explored by Squier and Davis, makes im- 

 possible a comparison of the method of disposal of the dead by the 

 Tremper and Mound City peoples. 



Squier and Davis state that the great cache in Mound No. 8 was 

 placed upon a sacrifical altar "intermixed with much ashes," and from 

 their statement that "the pipes were much broken — some of them 

 calcined by heat, which had been sufficiently strong to melt copper," 

 we must infer that they believed that a great fire had been kindled 

 upon the altar. The same conditions obtained in the Tremper mound, 

 and while we have proof that the building covering the site was 

 destroyed by fire, I am sure that no fire was especially kindled upon 

 the cache itself. Although objects made of bone, wood, and cloth 

 were found in a charred state, the fire was not sufficient to melt the 

 crystals of lead found in the cache, nor in any way to injure the 

 broken pipes or stone gorgets. 



Taking everything into consideration, it would not be surprising to 

 find that the Mound City peoples, after erecting their mounds, 

 migrated down the Scioto and formed a new settlement on the site 

 of Tremper mound. At any rate, if not the same people or parts of 

 the same people, the builders of the two mounds must have been very 

 closely related. 



THE TOBACCO-PIPES 



One hundred and forty-five pipes were taken from the Tremper 

 mound, one hundred and thirty-six of them being found in the large 

 cache and nine in the small one. All pipes in the first cache were 

 intentionally broken as deposited, while those placed in the second 

 cache were in perfect condition, having been deposited simultaneously 

 while the mound was in process of erection. 



Careful scrutiny was required to find the broken parts of all pipes 

 and other objects, 1 the fragments being scattered through a great 



1 My assistant, Mr H. C. Shetrone, for the greater part removed the contents of the cache. 

 Much credit is due him for his careful work in securing the broken parts and afterward in restoring 

 the pipes. 



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