Holmes Anniversary Volume 



WlLLOUGHBY — PLATE I 





"'^l 





SYMBOLIC EARTHWORKS AND ANALOGOUS FORMS FROM THE BURIAL 



MOUNDS, OHIO 



a, Effigy of stone, Paint Creek valley, probably representing bear-claws; b, c, Bear-claws in 

 copper and incised upon bone, Hopewell group; d, Earthwork in form of cross, Pickaway county; 

 e, Copper ear-ornament with cosmic symbol, Hopewell group; /, Gateway to great inclosure near 

 Hamilton, Butler county; g, Same design incised upon bone, Hopewell group; h, Portion of great 

 serpent-like earthwork near Portsmouth; i, Serpent mound, Adams county; k, Cosmic symbol in 

 form of serpent head, in copper, Hopewell group. (J ) 



