1853.] On the Indo-Chinese borderers. 15 



for man ; and their own present distinctive name for their tribe, is 

 no doubt recently adopted. An Arakanese in writing down for me 

 words from the mouth of a man of this race, wrote Khyang for what 

 appeared to me to have the sound of Klang. The Khyeng country 

 extends along the Yo-ma range (which runs nearly IN". N. "W". and 

 S. S. E.) from about the nineteenth to the twenty-first degree of 

 North latitude. The people inhabit both the Burmese and British 

 side of the range. The ascertained number of this race under 

 British rule in Arakan is 13,708 souls. An equal number probably 

 reside within the Burmese territory. There are also a large number 

 of Khyeng tribes, which though living within the nominal British 

 frontier, yet from the rugged inaccessible nature of their country, 

 are really independent, and which have never yet submitted to any 

 foreign Government, whether Arakanese, Burmese, or British. Their 

 language is unwritten. There appears to be some difference of 

 dialect between the Northern and Southern tribes of Khyeng. The 

 words here given were taken from a man belonging to the Northern 

 tribes. The Khyengs believe themselves to be of the same lineage 

 as the Burmese and Arakanese, the stragglers from armies or moving 

 hordes, left in the mountains.* 



3. — Kami' or KuW. 

 This race of people, of which there are two divisions called by 

 themselves Kami vel Kimi and Kumi, and by Arakanese respectively 

 Awa Kumi and Aphya Kumi, inhabits the hills bordering the river 

 which is named by the Arakanese Kuldddn, (that is, limit or border 

 of the Kula or "Western foreigner) and by the Kamis Ye-man, by 

 the Kumis Yan pan. It is the chief river of Arakan. It is proba- 

 ble that the Kamis and Kumis have not been settled in their present 



and the Kochin Chinese " Moy." In other words, the Manipurian tribe, called 

 Cossiahs by the Bengalis, belong to the Moi section of the great tribe called Tai 

 by themselves and Shan vel Syan by the Burmese, the sectional name being also 

 foreign, and equivalent to the native ? Khyi or Khyang of Chinese and Khyeng 

 of Burmese.— B. H. H. 



* This native tradition and opinion accord with what follows relative to the 

 Khyau and Mrung in corroborating the doctrine which assigns the whole of the 

 border mountaineers towards Ava, or inhabitants of the Yo-ma range from Assam 

 to Arakan, to the Rakheng division of the Myam-ma.— B. H. H. 



