76 On the Mongolian Affinities of the Caucasians. [No. 1. 



the Ta, or Zenghis' clansmen, came to be called Ta-ta, vel Tha-tha, 

 (men pre-eminently, quasi Allemanni) is a normal sample of one of 

 the chief constructive principles of these tongues. Wherefore I 

 would abide by that medieval designation by which all the races 

 beyond the confines of Europe have been known to Europe in mo- 

 dern times, and which from and after the middle ages superseded the 

 classical term Scythian — a term of as wide import as the other and 

 so far equally fitting, but now laid aside, and never so etymological- 

 ly just as Tartar, the very r of which word, though carped at by half- 

 informed critics, is in fact thoroughly in accordance with the jus et 

 norma of Tartaric speech, everywhere from Oceanic to the Caucasian 

 region. 



all not only Ta but Ta-ta, since the second syllable is in all a synonyme, and there- 

 fore as equivalent as Tshe-tshe and Ta-ta, which are reiterations. As instances, 

 familiar to us in India, of a tribe-name signifying also man in the language of that 

 tribe, I may mention, A-nam, Mru, K lun, Ka mi, Ku-mi, Kong, Lau, M6-n, 

 Mo-i, Bar-ma. These are simple. Mi-shi-mi, Mu-r-mi, &c. are compound. 

 Occasionally, as in Burmese, the root may be obsolete in the human sense ; but 

 it will always be found in its derivatives or in the proximate tongues, leaving the 

 principle of gentile nomenclature indisputable. In Misshimi we have the Mi and 

 Shi roots for man, the former, reiterated. In Murmi we have the Mi root reiter- 

 ated in different phases (Mu and Mi). In Burma, we have a third phase of the 

 same root (ma) with the Ba root and synonyme preceding it ; and lest this etymo- 

 logy should startle my readers, I will add that this very word Barma means man 

 in the Magar tongue, that is, in one of those Himalayan tongues whose close affini- 

 ty to the Burmese language I have lately shown. 



