126 Sifdn and Horsok Vocabularies. [No. 2. 



mature to venture an opinion before I have completed my pending 

 investigation of the Gyarung and Horpa tongues, I still must say 

 that I suspect few competent judges will rise from the attentive 

 study of this and my two prior series of vocabularies without feeling 

 a conviction that the Indo-Chinese, the Chinese, the Tibetans, and 

 the Altaians have been too broadly contradistinguished and that 

 they form in fact but one great ethnic family, which moreover includes 

 what is usually called the Tamulian element of Indian population as 

 well as nearly every element of the population of Oceanica.* 



My former vocabularies showed how intimately the Indo-Chinese 

 tongues are allied with the Himalayan and Tibetan by identity of 

 roots, of servile particles, and even of entire words as the integral 

 results of the combination of the two former, provided only that the 

 comparison be drawn from a field large enough to exhibit the neces- 

 sary range of admitted mutation both in the primary and secondary 

 parts of words in use for ages among widely sundered and often also 

 extremely segregated races. How large that range of admitted 

 mutation is, I have illustrated by examples in the note appended to 

 the present series of vocabularies, and I recommend those who would 

 properly appreciate the great apparent deviations from a type of 

 language which is, as I suppose, one and the same, to take good 

 heed of what is there instanced. In the meanwhile without fatigu- 

 ing the reader with more analyses at present, I proceed to remark 



teaches us to question the over-strained and unintelligible assertions about the 

 monosyllabism of the Chinese tongue, as if there were no dissyllables, no adjuncts 

 to the roots 1 and as if the roots of Sanscrit, Hebrew and Arabic were not mono- 

 syllables. For some valuable remarks on monosyllabism, see Recherches sur les 

 langues Tartares, I. 351-4, and compare what occurs in the sequel as to the mono- 

 syllabic polysyllabism (different aspects of the case) of Gyarung and Tagala. Thus 

 in Gyarung the root zo becomes Masazangti by mere cumulation of particles, ma 

 sa, ng, and ti. 



* The elder oceanic element or Alforian,=our Tamulian and the analogous dis- 

 persed and subdued tribes of Indo-China and China : the younger oceanic element 

 or Malayo-polynesian,=the now dominant tribes of Indo-China, China, Tibet, and 

 Himalaya. I must content myself at present with pointing to the special illustra- 

 tion of the latter part of this reunion of the continental and insular races in the 

 sequel, though every proof of the wide common domain of the continentals is also 

 an illustration, inferential yet clear, of both parts of it. 



