264 Report on the Geological Structure of the Salt Range. [No. 3. 



On analysis it yields in 100 parts : 



Silica, 4.000 



Carbonate of Lime, 69.200 



Ditto of Magnesia, 25.809 



Alumina with a little Peroxide of Iron, 100 



Organic Matter and Loss, ,891 



Total,... 100.000 

 The lower fine-grained sandstone on which the above limestone 

 rests, yields on analysis as follows : 



Silicious Quartz Sand, 36.000 



Carbonate of Lime, 47.870 



Ditto of Magnesia, 14.800 



Alumina and Peroxide of Iron, 1.200 



Organic Matter and Loss, .130 



Total,... 100.000 

 On the west bank of the Indus in the Chichalee Hills, the upper 

 limestone is far more distinct than on its east bank ; and is generally 

 cherty and magnesian, and much shivered and brecciated. In the 

 Kaffir Kote Eange, a highly bituminous sandstone of a dirty brown 

 colour, appears to be its representative, from which large quantities 

 of petroleum issue, this being probably derived from the spontaneous 

 combustion of dark bituminous shales charged with pyrites, on which 

 the sandstone rests, and which form the upper member of the middle 

 carboniferous series. 



Throughout the carboniferous rocks we have described, there 

 appears no indication of true coal measures, which in Britain are in- 

 variably associated with the carboniferous or mountain limestone. 

 The latter, in the south of England, forms the base of the coal 

 formation, while in the Scotch coal fields thick seams of coal alter- 

 nate with beds of carboniferous limestone and intercalated with 

 limestone and sandstone beds of fresh-water origin. In the Salt 

 Eange, however, no fresh-water beds have been observed in the car- 

 boniferous series. 



The limestones or marbles of this formation can be strongly 

 recommended as highly ornamental and durable building stones. 



