266 Beport on the Geological Structure of the Salt Mange. [No. 3. 



corals, and corallines ; of Brachiopoda shells, the genera Producta, 

 Orthis, Spirifer and Terebratula are most abundant. Along with 

 the Brachiopoda we have obtained one or two Gasteropoda, but 

 these are generally scarce. 



In several localities we have found large spines of a species of 

 Cidaris, some of these being very perfect and tuberculated, the 

 articulating end of the spine being well preserved. 



Though this is the case, the shell of the animal occurs but rarely, 

 and only, as far as we have observed, in comminuted fragments. 



The abundance of crinoides3 is very remarkable, whole beds of 

 rock being built up of encrinites, the whorls of which are frequently 

 of large size, and occasionally are found in connection with their 

 lily head. 



Towards the upper part of the lower division of the series, where 

 the limestone becomes argillaceous and thin-bedded and alternates 

 with coarse arenaceous shales, the Brachiopoda become scarce and 

 give place to Cephalopoda, which animals characterize a marine zone 

 of less depth than the Brachiopoda which precede them, and gene- 

 rally occur in seas with muddy bottoms. "We have obtained examples 

 of species of the genera Bellerophon, Goniatites (?) and Orthoceras. 

 Associated with these large spiral univalves of the genus Cirrus and 

 Enomphalus are abundant, and, in the slaty limestone at the top 

 of the lower division of the carboniferous series, and also in the 

 middle division, a Cephalopodous shell formerly considered an am- 

 monite, but now constituted into the genus Ceratitis abounds, and is 

 generally associated with a small bivalve, probably a species of 

 Passidonia. As Ceratites have hitherto been considered as charac- 

 teristic of rocks of triassic age and peculiar to the muschelkalk, 

 their occurrence in company with undoubted carboniferous types is 

 highly interesting. "We have placed the matter beyond doubt, hav- 

 ing in our possession a specimen* which we obtained at Moosa- 

 khail in which two Orthoceratites and seven Ceratites are lying side 

 by side in a slab 9 in. % 5 in. ; Orthoceratites have never been found 



* Through the kindness of Cavendish Johnson, Esq. Asstt. Surgn. 3rd Regt. 

 N. I. we are enabled to submit a drawing of this most interesting specimen, which 

 we believe to be unique in the annalsof Geology. 



