1853.] Report on the Geological Structure of the Salt Range. 271 



appearance, and magnesia may be detected in them in small quantities. 

 A specimen of the limestone of a dark grey colour from Umlakhail in 

 the Chichalee Range yielded on analysis the following results : — 



Silica with a little organic matter, 3.00 



Carbonate of iron with a trace of Alumina, 1 .70 



Carbonate of Lime, 95.70 



100.40 



At Umlakhail a bed of argillaceous limestone occurs presenting on 

 its upper surface a series of waves passing across the bed at right 

 angles to its strike. These are about \\ feet apart, and their crest 

 about two inches above the general level of the bed. It presents 

 the appearance represented in the annexed figure. A bed of shale, 



which occurs beneath it, is, for 

 a short distance, affected in a 

 r gfJaT| ^|gg|^i^=j similar way; but the surface 

 of a limestone bed on which 

 the shale rests, is perfectly 

 horizontal, and does not seem to have suffered in the least from the 

 lateral compression to which the upper bed has been subjected. The 

 force exerted seems to have been nearly sufficient to have fractured 

 the bed, as, along the crests of some of the waves and parallel to these, 

 cracks may be observed extending some depth into the bed, which is 

 not more than two feet thick. It is difficult to imagine how any 

 lateral force could have been applied, so as only to affect one or two 

 beds. The condition of the beds superior to the waved one could not 

 be ascertained, on account of the amount of debris with which they 

 were covered. 



c. Green JBelemnite, Sandstone and Shales. 

 In the Salt Eange east of the Indus the limestones last noticed 

 are succeeded by a thin bed of yellow quartzose grit, containing a 

 few fragments of jet. At Kalibagh and in the Chichalee Eange a 

 series of black bituminous shales succeeded by a dark green some- 

 what incoherent sandstone intervene, presenting a thickness of four 

 or five hundred feet. The latter is full of pyrites, which rapidly de- 

 composes after rain, sulphurous acid being given off in quantity at 

 times sufficient to be disagreeable. 



2 m 2 



