376 Remarks on the different species of Orang-utan. [No. 4*. 



but continue an inch apart where most approximated. The size of 

 the skull is fully equal, or even somewhat superior, to that of our 

 aged female skull of a Mias Rambi from Borneo ; but is inferior to 

 that of our Sumatran male of the Mias Rambi. The skull is perfect, 

 except that part of the face appears to have been shot away, viz. 

 the uppermost portion of the right superior maxillary from the 

 orbit to the nasal orifice, with parts of the adjacent malar, lachrymal, 

 and nasal bones of the same side ; and the supra-orbital ridge of 

 the left frontal is diseased, with portions of bone exfoliating away. 

 The vertebral column is complete, excepting the two last small 

 coccygeal bones. The ribs and sternal series are also complete, and 

 the great bones of the limbs ; but many of the smaller bones of the 

 latter are unfortunately missing. Thus, of the right hand, there 

 are wanting the scaphoid, and the five unguinal phalanges. Of the 

 left hand, there also are wanting the five unguinal phalanges, the 

 medial thumb-phalanx, and the cuneiform bone of the wrist. Of the 

 right foot are wanting the os calcis, astragalus, and navicular bone, 

 four unguinal phalanges (the terminal phalanx of the hallux remain- 

 ing), the penultimate phalanx of the finger-toe next to the hallux, 

 and the penultimate and ante-penultimate phalanges of that furthest 

 from the hallux, corresponding to the human little toe. And of the 

 left foot there are only the astragalus, and the digital bones except- 

 ing the metatarsal of the digit next to the hallux, and the unguinal 

 phalanges of the outer three toes.* The patellce are also lost. 



This valuable skeleton affords us the means of demonstrating, from 

 adult specimens in our museum, the existence of the three species 

 of Bornean Orang-utan indicated by Sir J. Brooke ; and most pro- 

 bably we possess a fourth in the mounted skin and complete skeleton 

 of the adolescent female resembling Pithectjs morio in size, but 

 having a much shorter fore-arm and more anthropoid conformation 

 of skull. "We have also (provisionally) identified Dr. Clarke Abel's 



* Accordingly, but one unguinal phalanx remains, which articulates with the 

 digit next to the hallux of the left foot. The terminal phalanx of each hallux 

 exhibits a peculiar structure, and represents the ordinary penultimate (and not the 

 unguinal) phalanx; so that this Bornean Pappan differs herein from Abel's Suma- 

 tran Pappan, which possessed a well developed unguinal phalanx and nail to the 

 opposable hallux or great toe. 



