440 Notes on the Sources of the AM Ma. [No. 5. 



To the north, these valleys are bounded by the Tso-hung-lung or 

 Kara Korum mountains, which goes by various names likewise. At 

 its west end, where it joins the Bolor mountains, it is called Kanch- 

 gir. East of that Poosht-i-Khaur E. S. E., thence Appro (in which 

 there is a large fort). To E. thence, the Great Spung. Thence 

 eastward Ashahoon or Ashur ; thence eastward, Thalshool or Krana. 

 Krana itself is a beautiful peak, remarkable for striped ribbon jas- 

 per, olivine and chrysopras pebbles found in the beds of its streams. 

 Erom Krana a considerable range runs down to Bullisthan called 

 Kai-e-Kah. Here are beds of coal near the ruins of an ancient 

 city called Shah Taslif, or anciently Lihaf or Leefoo. 



The Kai-e-leh is mostly slaty formation. In it are marble quar- 

 ries, and alum and salt are extracted from some places in small quan- 

 tities at the eastern base, and large quantities of borax : Leefoo is 

 four or five days due north of Iskardo. 



Erom Krana eastward the range is called Kara Kurum to the 

 source of the Chorere river, whence it takes the name of Thosung- 

 lung. 



TheBolor mountain rises almost N. and S., commencing in the north 

 of Zalnoohee in the Joolkal district, which is four or five days south 

 of Balook Bara, a great lake ; thence south by the fort and district 

 of Zoonau, which lies to the N. E. of the Pingut range, treading 

 N. "W. or S. E. two marches and 8-9 Long, at its south, it is called 

 Poosthekan. To the north it is bounded by the Toog Uhoog 

 mountains, which commences at Pashee two days 1ST. of Julmookhee 

 and seventeen S. of Balook Bhara; it tends S. E. and joins the Kara 

 Koorum near Hatch Kooth. N. and E. of Uhoog is the valley of 

 Poosh bounded to N. by a spur of the Yagnee Dhawan mountains, 

 whose westerly extremity commences at a day's march or a little 

 south of Ausgess ; thence it runs S. and S. E. to Othe, thence to 

 Koum and Kharakool, then turning more easterly runs to the S. 

 of Ooshkumnak and Doonshoo ; (mostly uninhabited save by a few 

 wandering Akaas) : thence it runs E. S. E. to Anewchan Asa 

 Mahazar, thence most southerly to "Wahon, Munaham and Kham- 

 koom, when it dies away on the plain of Vacha Thung. 



5. The fifth valley is Naw Aloon or Ooloor, due south of Pin- 

 gut, and divided from it by the Zinpanooch range. It belongs to 



