570 Maunkyala. [No. 6. 



of many kinds, only one of which was in blossom, bearing a small 

 purple flower three quarters of an inch across, and with a leaf only 

 one quarter of an inch in length, I also saw a quantity of a bright 

 yellow heartsease. Reached the summit of Sughoo at noon, from 

 whence we commenced descending, and halted for the night under 

 some fine large cherry trees at an elevation of 11,458 feet, Ther. 

 65°, 1 p. m. Sughoo is the culminant point of the great Pemionchi 

 spur that ends in the great Rungeet, and which spur is sixteen 

 miles in length from west to east. Its western extremity being 

 1,200 feet above the sea, and its eastern extremity about 2,000 only. 

 We were now sixteen miles from the perpetual snow line, but 

 could see nothing, as we were enveloped in a thick cloud. 



(To be continued.) 



Note on the 'Ruins at Maunkyala, — hy Major James Abbott, 

 Boundary Commissioner, 'Punjab. 



My tent being pitched at the tope of Maunkyala on 7th April 

 last, I set out to examine more particularly the village and its 

 neighbourhood. For although I had previously visited the spot 

 more than once, I could learn of the villagers nothing confirmatory 

 of the report, which places several smaller topes in that neighbour- 

 hood, and which would make it the site of a city that has since 

 disappeared. During the morning several zemindars came to visit 

 me. They, as usual, denied the existence of any other topes than 

 the principal ; but allowed that near the village of Maunkyala, 

 building stones occurred in great number at the depth of from three 

 to seven feet. My first object was to visit one of the diggings for 

 such stones. It occurred on the south-west of the village, distant 

 from it about one hundred and fifty yards. The depth at which the 

 stones occurred was about five feet, the super-incumbent soil being 

 a sandy clay, manured from the village. I was informed that the 

 same occurs on digging at any portion of the village glacis; by 

 which I mean that land which is manured from the village. 



The village, as at present it exists, contains about eighty houses 

 closely congregated together, and built entirely of the debris of the 



