1854.] Notes on the Topography of Murree. 461 



Notes on the Topography of Murree, by Dr. A. Gordon, H. M. 



10th Foot. 



Geographical Position. — The new sanatarium of Murree is situated 

 on a mountain ridge in the Hazarah country ; its precise geogra- 

 phical position being 34° N. Latitude, 73° 2' East Longitude, — and 

 its altitude above the level of the ocean variously estimated at 7,500 

 to 8,000 feet. 



Aspect of the Station. — The general appearance of the sta- 

 tion is rendered striking, not so much by the grandeur of its 

 scenery as from the manner in which the residents' houses are 

 dotted about irregularly on the various prominences and acclivities, 

 some half hid in the dense forest vegetation which clothes the more 

 sheltered places, and others exposed on bare projecting rocks. 



General position of Barracks and Hospital. — The barracks and 

 hospital occupy the summit of the ridge, whose general direction is 

 as near as may be N. and S. The private houses are built at 

 various elevations on its western face, the bazaar and natives' huts 

 being on the eastern. From the highest point, where it is proposed 

 to erect an observatory, a very extensive view may, in tolerably clear 

 weather, be obtained. To the East and N. East the Cashmere hills 

 may be seen. Those of Cabul and Affghanistan can be traced more 

 to the westward. To the South, the Indus, although at a distance 

 of 80 miles in a direct line, is distinctly visible, and in the East the 

 river Jhelum. The station of Eawul Pindee also may readily be 

 distinguished. 



Character of Mountains. — The general appearance of the numer- 

 ous precipitous mountain masses that rise in wild confusion at and 

 around Murree, presents unequivocal traces of the action of those 

 disturbing forces which are still in active operation in that portion 

 of Asia comprised between Cutch, Herat, Cabul and Affghanistan. 



Terraced faces of Hills. — That they have been elevated by suc- 

 cessive heaves from below, occurring at intervals of various and 

 uncertain length appears to be clearly indicated by the terraced 



