476 Excavations at Sdrndth, [No. 5. 



discovered, and I believe Major Kittoe met with the remains of ready- 

 made wheaten cakes in the small recess in the chamber towards the 

 N. E. angle of the square. I can myself assert that on the floor 

 of the cell marked 3, ©, a large quantity of rice was found, to- 

 gether with portions of wheat and other grain, part of which was 

 spread out, or possibly scattered at the moment of the destructive 

 inroad that was brought to a climax in the conflagration of the 

 monastery. 



A native axe of the form in ordinary use to this day was disco- 

 vered, imbedded in the verandah foundation at 4, ©. 



In the cells to the eastward were found, among other things, con- 

 siderable masses of brass, melted up into nodules and irregular 

 lumps as chance gave them a receptacle amid the general ruin. 

 Here also were seen, broken or whole, the pottery vessels of every 

 day requirement, and the iron nails which connected the cross 

 rafters, still fixed in the larger beams that had escaped complete 

 combustion. Among other bits of iron-work, there remained a well- 

 fashioned ring-bolt that might pass muster at the present day ; of 

 matters of domestic utility, I must not omit to mention a clay 

 cliir&ghov lamp of the pointed wick-holder description, which, though 

 it has retained its position in that form in other parts of India, is 

 now superseded in local use by the ordinary small circular saucers 

 of baked clay. 



The whole of the somewhat miscellaneous Sarnath collection as 

 yet unearthed has been deposited in the Benares College. 



It remains for me to advert to the plans Nos. 2 and 3. The litho- 

 graph No. 3, is an outline section of that portion of the raised 

 mound, situated some hundred yards to the N. W. of the monastery, 

 on which the relic tope was placed : this it will be seen was a circular 

 building of massive strength erected in far more modern days than 

 the large tope previously adverted to, the relics were discovered 

 and removed, many years ago, by some of our older residents at 

 Benares. From the inclination of the walls now standing, it is 

 clear that the dome was not designed to follow the ordinary outline, 

 and that if finished at all, it must have been a flat unsightly object 

 as compared with the lofty proportions of the earlier edifice. Major 

 Kittoe was under the impression that the visible portion of the 



