482 A Monograph of Indian Phylloscopi. [No. 5. 



species ; affording a good differential character in several instances. 

 In general, the wings are shorter and more rounded than in the 

 European Ph. teochilus : but looking to the ensemble of characters, 

 it seems doubtful whether more than three divisions can be retained 

 in the whole series under review. These are Phtlloscoptjs, certain 

 species of which (constituting the Reguloides, nobis,)* offer a close 

 approximation to Eegultjs, and serve to indicate the true systema- 

 tic position of that genus, — Eegtjlus (which M. Degland and others 

 have arranged near Paeus), — and Culictpeta (including Abeoeists), 

 which should perhaps be merged in Phyllopkeuste (v. Hippolais). 

 Under these three groups only, we now comprise the following 

 Indian species. 



I. — Genus Phtlloscoptjs, Boie, apud G-. E. Gray. Type Mota- 



CILLA TEOCHILUS, L.f 



1. Ph. eama ; Sylvia rama, Sykes, P. Z. S. 1832, p. 89. There 

 appear to be two races of this bird, differing a little in shade of 

 colour, but in no other particular that we can discern. The bill is 

 rather thicker and the form less slender than in most others of the 

 genus ; and together with the colouring, approximate it to Oalamo- 

 heepe, Boie, for a species of which it might be mistaken at first 

 sight ;X but the form of the wings and tail, and general character, 

 sufficiently indicate its true position to be as here arranged. 



* J. A. 8. XVI, 442. 



f A better average type exists in Ph. rufus, v. Curruca rufa, Brisson. 

 % We have three Indian species of Calamoherpe, all distinct from those of 

 Europe. 



1. C. brunnescens ; Agrobates brunnescens , Jerdon. Very like the European 

 C. arundinaceus (Turdus arnndinaceus, L. ; Sylvia turdoides, Meyer) ; but 

 easily distinguished by the form of the wing, in which the second or first developed 

 primary is constantly £ in. shorter than the next, and the third, fourth, and fifth 

 are subequal. 



2. C. dumetorum, nobis, ./. A. 8. XVIII, 815. 



3. C. agricola, Jerdon, Madr. Journ. XIII, pt. II, p. 131 ; J. A. S. XIV, 

 595. This much resembles the European C. salicaria {Motacilla salicaria, 

 Gmelin ; C. alnorum, Brehm i Mot. arundinacea, Lightfoot) ; but is readily dis- 

 tinguished from it, as is also C. dumetorum, by the same difference in the propor- 

 tion of the primaries as exists in the species before cited. 



The three Indian species of Calamoherpe accordingly tend to approximate 

 Phylloscopus in the form of the wing, and they have also less aquatic habits 

 than their European congeners. 



