1854.] Notes on the Geology of the Punjab Salt Range. 663 



attains its greatest development at the east end of the range near 

 Baganwalla and Kusak, dwindling away thence westward. The 

 summit of Mt. Tilla and Mfc. Karingli and much of the highland 

 near, is of this sandstone. In it occur subordinate beds of a dark 

 blue-grey variety, very hard and silicious, and bauds of conglomerate. 

 The boulders in these last beds are granite, porphyry, &c, some few 

 being nearly a ton in weight, and all well rounded and polished. 

 The paste is a sandstone or shale, but some of the finer conglo- 

 merates or rather grits are united by a silicious paste, as in some 

 English pudding-stones. The paste of some of these beds and of some 

 of the sands, much resembles chert, and appears to be a chemical 

 deposit. The bands of conglomerate are dispersed irregularly through- 

 out the deposit, and are rarely more than two or three feet thick. 



No 6. Lower or productus limestone. Above the last described 

 beds, occurs a series of limestones of great thickness, which may be 

 termed the lower, in contradistinction to the upper or nummulitic 

 limestone. It is first traceable to the east near JNurpur and thence 

 gradually thickens towards the west, till it attains its maximum 

 development across the Indus in the Kotki pass, ten miles N. W. 

 from Kala Bagh. The series consists of limestones compact and 

 thin-bedded, with some subordinate arenaceous and shaly beds inter- 

 mixed. Their arrangement is somewhat complicated and obscure 

 at different points, but the following brief sketch will convey a toler- 

 ably correct idea of the whole. The lowest division consists of 



a. An insignificant deposit of sands of variable thickness : above 

 which occurs 



b. A deposit of limestones of various characters, fully 600 feet 

 thick : lastly. 



c. A series of sands, shales and limestones, of about 500 feet in 

 thickness. 



a. The only remarkable bed in this division is a coarse silicious 

 sandstone, with some calcarious matter and carbonaceous stains and 

 bits of lignite. Its colour is a pretty pure white, and in appearance 

 it resembles some of the 1'ontaiubleau sands. 



b. This is a most important division, and comprises a variety of lime- 

 stones mostly highly fossilit'erous. The prevailing colour is a dark or 

 light grey, the beds being usually compact, thick-bedded, and contain- 



4 s 



