670 Notes on the Geology of the Punjab Salt Range. [No. 7. 



locality mentioned above, occur some beds subordinate to the lime- 

 stone, which are worthy of notice. They appear originally to have 

 been a shaly limestone, subsequently subjected to a peculiar action, 

 which has given rise to a number of concretions, causing the whole 

 closely to resemble a conglomerate. These bodies are flattened 

 spheres or ovoids, varying in size from that of a pea to a small 

 apple, the most regular being the size and shape of a flat plum and 

 weathering out of the soft matrix ; they are numerous enough in places 

 to hide the ground. They have a conchoidal fracture, and exhibit 

 wavy lines and watering like Egyptian jasper, often but not invariably 

 a nummulite bing the nucleus, round which the crystalline particles 

 have ranged themselves ; sometimes only a portion of this nucleus 

 remains, the rest having become merged in the substance of the 

 nodule. Their prevailing colour is brown, of various shades of 

 yellow and red, A somewhat similar rock is associated with the 

 mottled limestone before described, near Sardi. 



No. 10. Limestone conglomerate. — Above the last described lime- 

 stone occurs a conglomerate of a somewhat varied character, but 

 continuous throughout the range. At the east end of the range it 

 is a conglomerate of limestone boulders included in a limestone 

 paste. Towards the west this passes into a sandstone containing 

 many small nummulites, and across the Indus it is represented by a 

 coarse grit, with an occasional limestone pebble included. The 

 pebbles vary, but are usually small ; some however are several pounds 

 weight. The limestone composing them is subcrystalline, of a yellow 

 or pinkish colour, and has a conchoidal fracture. It does not con- 

 tain any fossil, but is doubtless referrible to the upper limestone 

 series ; and I have a faint idea of having seen a nummulite in it, but 

 such a case is rare. The pebbles are of limestone alone, and of one 

 kind. The limestone-paste abounds in nummulites, which almost 

 constitute the paste in parts, as at Nurpur, where it also contains 

 mammalian bones, but sparingly : it is in fact one of the upper 

 tertiary series, in many of the lower beds of which nummulites 

 occur, shewing a gradual change from one formation to the other. 



No. 11. Upper tertiary ossiferous sands and marls. — This series, 

 if not the most interesting, is one of the most extensive in the range. 

 Ten thousand feet is probably not one-half of its actual thickness ; 





