672 Notes on the Geology of the Punjab Salt Range. [No. 7. 



lake, bones are pretty numerous ; entire ribs, the pelvis, teeth, and 

 limb-bones, more or less perfect but very friable, or rather shattered : 

 owing to local disturbance of the soft sandstones. The teeth met 

 with are usually well preserved, and their hardness and consequent 

 preservation together with that of the bones would appear to bear 

 an inverse ratio to that of the matrix. A soft sandstone or marl 

 usually affording the finest fossils. In the very hard bands the 

 bones are often soft and friable in the extreme. The fossils are 

 usually completely mineralized, though very many adhere to the 

 tongue, and this character is observed in the weathered surface of 

 many of the best preserved. A narrow ferruginous band between 

 Ehotas and Tilla, of not many inches in thickness, contains many 

 well preserved specimens : among them I may mention a small but 

 very perfect lower molar of an elephant with the jaw attached. The 

 teeth are mostly those of deer and large pachyderms, and the total 

 absence of all carnivorous remains is a striking feature in the depo- 

 sit. The remains of tortoises are also very common, sometimes an 

 entire case of one being seen. Near Jalalpur a very perfect one was 

 seen fully three feet in length. The teeth of crocodiles are also very 

 numerous in particular bands, usually of a small size but well pre- 

 served and beautifully polished. I also procured part of the upper 

 and lower jaws of one of these animals of a small size near Jalalpur. 

 These last remains are usually found in marly beds, the others in 

 sandstone or marl. I also procured some fine specimens from Lehri 

 N. of Ehotas, though I was unfortunately unable personally to visit 

 the locality. 



Another and by no means unimportant group of sandstones 

 occurs in many parts of the range, resting unconformably on the last 

 described ossiferous series and the underlying nummulite limestone 

 where denuded. These beds are locally developed, occurring most 

 extensively in the nulla near Jalalpur, about one mile from the 

 village and behind Nowshera, 12 miles east of Mt. Sakesa. The 

 beds in the first locality consist of very soft argillaceous sandstones, 

 thick-bedded and imperfectly stratified, with thick beds of shingly 

 conglomerate almost entirely made up of nummulite limestone 

 boulders. I may here mention that many beds in the ossiferous 

 series (as at Jalalpur) are conglomerates of nummulite limestone 



