Dandino — Relation of Mass Action to Toxicity. 455 



ing Cameron's figures, there is still a wide difference between 

 these two salts with a common kation. But it might be argued 

 that the anion may cause the difference. Let us assume it 

 does. Then, in the case of H 2 S0 4 and HC1 we have a common 

 kation again, with each of the two anions before mentioned. 

 A comparison of these ought to show H 2 S0 4 more toxic than 

 HC1. But all experiments prove rather the reverse. HC1 is 

 slightly more toxic (see Tables X, XI, I, II.) Even assuming 

 Kahlenberg and True's own figures for these substances, we 

 find no greater toxic action for H 2 S0 4 . Considering the com- 

 parison between JSaCl and Na 2 S0 4 we should expect to find 

 it decidedly more toxic. 



xx. 













Liquid and 





2 





Liquid test. 





Sand test. 



1 



3 



4 



5 



6 



H,S0 4 



pea 



2048 



H 



16382 



512 



it 



lupine 



2048 



5 



8192 



512 



a 



corn 



1024 



1 



8192 



512 



HC1 



pea 



2048 



H 



16384 



512 



a 



lupine 



2048 



9I 



-2 



16384 



512 



a 



corn 



1024 



1 



8192 



512 



H 2 C0 3 



pea 



343 



20 



513 



171* 



CuS0 4 



pea 



32768 



^2 



262144 



4096 



a 



lupine 



32768 



5 



65536 



4096 



ti 



corn 



131072 



1 



524288' 



" 4096 



KOH 



pea 



256 



4 



512 



128 



it 



lupine 



128 



4 



256 



128 



a 



corn 



64 



1 



' J28 



64 



NaOH 



pea 



128 



3 



256 



128 



(4 



lupine 



64 



1 



128 



128 



it 



corn 



64 



n 



128 



64 



Na a CO, 



pea 



256 



12 



512 



32 



ti 



lupine 



128 



8 



256 



32 



It 



corn 



64 



12 



256 



32 



NaHC0 3 



pea 



16 



3 



128 



16 



u 



lupine 



16 



20 



32 



16 



u 



corn 



8 



1 



16 



8 



* n/171 was the highest concentration we were able to obtain, and both the 

 lupine and the corn withstood this readily in a quantity of 25 cc and upwards. 



In Table XX is a recapitulation showing the quantities of 

 solution and the concentration which the seedlings just endured. 

 A comparison is also made between the liquid test and the 

 sand test. In columns 3, 5 and 6 is given only the denominator 

 of the fraction whose numerator is n. In column 4 is recorded 

 the number of cubic centimeters in which the radicles just 

 lived, and in column 5 is given the highest concentration the 

 seedlings could withstand in a quantity of 25 cc or upwards. 



