THE ORCHID REVIEW. 265 
will be found that it is difficult to explain their structure on the 
monantherous theory. For although, in some species, the anther cells lie 
close together, in many, they are widely separated, the pollinia being also 
produced into long caudicles contained in canals, neither caudicles nor 
canals having any apparent attachment toa rostellum. Moreover, each of 
the fertile anther-cells bears on its surface a rugulose body which 
referred to as the staminode. . . . . In my opinion, the ee 
species of Ophrydez have really two anthers, one cell of which is fertile and 
the other infertile. The infertile cell invariably occupies a position on the 
outer surface of the fertile one, and is the body usually described as a 
staminode. The two fertile anthers belong, in my opinion, to the inner 
whorl, the infertile anther being merged in the column. In the Sikkim 
Ophrydez, one of the three stigmas is infertile, and the two lateral are 
fertile. These fertile stigmas are, in many species, quite distinct from each 
other; in other species they are conjoined into a simple or bilobed mass. 
The infertile stigma, in many of the species, is obscure ; in others, it forms a 
thickened and usually curved line running between the bases of the anther- 
cells. . . . . The infertile stigma acquires its greatest development in 
Diplomeris hirsuta, in which it forms a large concave hood placed well in 
front of the anther cells, and (in a front view) hides the whole of the latter, 
except the extremities of the caudicles and their tubes. In this remarkable 
plant, the two fertile pistils consist of two elongated parallel bodies, 
stigmatic at the apex, which overhang the claw of the lip and point 
downwards like the lip.” 
This view is thus briefly summarised in the key to the tribes :— 
Anther single.-—Malaxidee, Epidendree, Vande, Listereze, and 
Goodyere. 
Anthers two, each with only one perfect cell—Ophrydez. 
Anthers two, each perfect.—Cypripediez. 
Now, it is quite clear that the author has been misled by appearances in 
this highly complex group. The anther of Ophrydez is single, and occupies 
precisely the same position as in the rest of the Monandre, but its two cells 
are often widely separated, owing to the great breadth of the connective, 
and thus appear lateral. The staminodes on either side represent the two 
lateral abortive stamens of the inner whorl, and do not belong to the same 
staminal whorl as the fertile anther. The infertile stigma is the rostellum, 
and serves the double purpose of secreting the gland, to which the pollinia 
become attached, and of preventing the pollinia from falling on the stigma. 
In this group it is very frequently trilobed, and the middle lobe, to which 
the author wrongly restricts the term “infertile stigma,” is sometimes 
nearly abortive,-or-perhaps confluent with the connective of the anther. 
The side lobes of the rostellum are also confluent with the anther-channels, 
