AND THE ZOOLOGY OF CHINA 77 



Leiocassis are remarkable. Among the existing 30 kinds of 

 this genus 3 are found in .the Amur basin, the remaining 

 27 in the Malay archipelago, Indo-China, and in China. 

 We can merely mention the brand fish. This genus is re- 

 presented by only one kind from the Amur basin and Scuth 

 Manchuria and its nearest relative — the genus Philypnus 

 inhabits the fresh waters of Central America, All the re- 

 maining kinds of the same genus are peculiar to Japan and 

 North America. Finally the tropical pimple caught at 

 Vladivostock is remarkable. It lives in the fresh waters of 

 India, Indo-China, China, Indo-Malay archipelago, Formosa, 

 Japan and Core a. 



The fishes indicated here do not exhaust all the examples 

 which make the waters of the Amur basin so remarkable. 

 The predominance of Southern types is very characteristic 

 of the ichthyological fauna of this district. These fishes have 

 not come here from the South, but they are the remainders 

 of the Tetrain fauna, formerly extensive in all Asia and 

 Europe. Besides the indicated facts, the proof of the con- 

 clusion is served by many cases of the separate existence of 

 identical or proximate kinds, noticed by Prof. Berg from the 

 fish geography of Asia. So, the Manchurian district has a 

 wonderful relation to the Ponto- Caspian- Aral ichthyological 

 provinces, which embrace the basins of the Black, Caspian, 

 and Aral seas. In both districts are found many forms 

 which bear a great resemblance to each other, but which is 

 absent from Siberia, Mongolia and Middle Asia. In regard to 

 the paleontological information which serves powerfully as 

 an argument for the remaining character of the fish fauna 

 of Manchuria, we must note the finding in Siberia of the 

 genus Abramus, which is not known now in this district but 

 which inhabits Europe, the Aral basin and North America. 

 The remaining types of this genus, the fishes Parabramis, 

 are found now in the Amur basin and for this reason, in the 

 opinion of Prof. Berg, it is possible to suppose that up to the 

 end of the Tetrian period of fishes of Siberia resembled the 

 present Amurian fish fauna. 



BIBLIOGEAPHY. 



Berg, L. C. The fishes of the Amur basin. (Journal of Akad. Scien. 



XXIV, No. 9, 1909, S. Petersburg). 

 Berg, L. C. The Collections of fresh water fishes, gathered by Mr. 



A. I. Tcherski in environs of the Vladivostock and in Hanka lake 



basin. (Journal of the Amur district Scientific Society, XIII, 



1913. 

 Berg, L. C. The fresh water fishes of the Russian Empire. Moskow, 



°1916. Agriculture Department Publication. 

 Basilewsky, S. Ichthyographia Chinese borealis (Nouv. Nem. Soc. 



Natural of Moscow, X, 1855). 



