96 NOTES ON THE AGRICULTURE, BOTANY 



always across the furrows of trie stalks. As a polishing 

 material the stalks of the Equisetum are very solid and more 

 durable and cheaper than sand-paper, giving the reason why 

 the foreign sand-paper is not used much by the Chinese. The 

 stalks of Equisetum are greatly valued by Foochow ivory- 

 turners and have an extensive application in the local pro- 

 duction of wooden articles. 



XXXI. — On New Flagellata from Manchuria. 



In my first notes on Flagellata of Manchuria, 10 127 forms 

 of inferior vegetable organisms have already been described, 

 including 40 new species and varieties, and many of them 

 were of scientific interest because of their peculiar con- 

 struction. The investigation of water basins in the environs 

 of Harbin, continued by me in the summer of 1917, has 

 convinced me of the original character of the Flagellata 

 observed. 



At the second investigation 60 different forms were 

 found, 42 of which are placed as new in science. It is 

 specially interesting to indicate that of the 190 existing forms 

 of this genus 80 are now known only in Manchuria. It must 

 also be noted that the wealth of new forms, comes not as a 

 result of the investigation of materials from all — possible and 

 remote districts of Manchuria, similar to the investigations 

 of Mr. D. O. Swirenko made in European Russia, but is the 

 result of studying the samples of phytoplankton taken only at 

 Harbin from several marshes and ponds in the Sungari river 

 valley. Among the new species of Trachelomonas found here 

 the most interesting were the forms with a rim on the upper 

 part of the lorica, such as Tr. Wislouchii, Tr. Komarowii, 

 Tr. -peridiniformis, Tr. marginellus and it is interesting to 

 remark that only in North America as described by Palmer, 

 was there found a kind of Trachelomonas named Tr. Spicu- 

 lifera with a very small rim around the flagella hole. In 

 Manchuria also are found Trachelomonas approximating to 

 an American kind Tr. Americana — this is Tr. Manchurica, 

 but the latter is without the long collar. It is also character- 

 istic that the new Manchurian forms have the lorica covered 

 with double net points, as seeen on Tr. Arnoldiana (PI. II, 

 Fig. 10), Tr. hispida var. bipunctata (PI. I, Fig. 11) and one 

 very interesting variety Tr. globularis var. punctata (PI. II, 

 Fig. 32) with small thorns and small and large spots on the 

 surface of the lorica. Other species as — Tr. Komarowii var. 

 punctata (PL II, Fig. 21), Tf. hispida var. macropunctata 



10 The materials on Flagellata of Manchuria, Part I ; 2 plates 

 (Journal of Microbiology, Vol. IV, 1917, Petrograd). 



