PAINKANDA SECTIONS. 95 



This system of strata, which is identical with General Strachey's 

 Overlaid by lower azoic S r0U P rests directly on the gneiss of the 

 silunans. Raikana heights, and is overlaid by fossiliferous 



lower siiurian beds, the division 4 in the sections. There is absolute 

 conformity between the lower divisions 2 and 3 and the lower siiurian 

 beds; in fact the passage is gradual from the densely red quartz shales, 

 (3) into the Coral limestone, (4) of the lower Silurians. The red quartz 

 shales (3) are never absent in any of the sections of the Central 

 Himalayas which I have examined, and they form one of the most con- 

 stant and easily recognized features in the Himalayan sections. With 



them, underlying them, occur some greenish 

 Fossils. . t b 



silicious shales, resembling phyllites and in a 



bed of such, in section 1 of pi. 3, on the slope overhanging the Khar- 



basiya encamping ground I found some indistinct fossil remains of 



Bellerophon ? and bivalves. They were the only fossil traces which I 



found in beds below the silurians. 



This band of red and greenish quartz shales may be seen to wind all 

 round the steep cliffs of the Kharbasiya point, and the lower slopes of 

 the Change Conforming to the contour of the hills, it finally runs 

 down into the deep valley of the Dhauli Ganga, re-ascends the 

 slopes on the left side of the valley and can be seen in the far 

 distance above the rugged contour of the hills, sharply defined as a 

 red line dividing the purplish rocks underneath, from the dark silurians 

 above. 



The great fault shown in the sections 1 to 3, pi. 3, and in the pro- 

 file, pi. 6 1 ) has cut off a part of the pre-silurian haimanta system and 

 the red shales (3) may again be seen beyond the Ganes Ganga under- 

 lying the silurians. 



1 The numbers in this plate do not correspond with those in the sections. In pi. 6. 

 they represent the following: 1. Haimanta slates, conglomerates, etc. 2. Red quartz 

 shales. 3. Lower Silurians. 4. Upper Silurians. 5. Dark Coral limestone (devonian). 6 

 Red Crinoid limestone (Carboniferous). 7. White quartzite. 8. Dark Productus shales. 

 9. Lower trias. 10. Muschelkalk. 11. Daonella limestone. 12. Upper limestone. 13. 

 Brown limestone (upper trias). 14. Rhaetic dolomite. 15. Rhaetic Lithodendron lime- 

 stone. 



( 95 ) 



