PA1NKANDA SECTIONS. I07 



student of Himalayan geology to visit the H6ti sections, as most 

 likely to yield good exposures. Even there the silurian system (and 

 with it the overlying younger palaeozoics) has suffered so much by 

 contortion and crushing that it is impossible to arrive at any reason- 

 able estimate of its thickness. 



A dense fog, with snow and rain, came on as I attempted to cross 

 the Chor H6ti, which prevented my further work there ; but I found 

 the southern slope of this gigantic mountain mass to consist of the 

 silurian system as seen south-west of the Silakank peak No. 2 

 (Pethathali stream), and I have been able to collect some fossils, mostly 

 in the lower division, about \\ miles above the Kolajabar camping 

 ground, where the red quartz shales (3) are overlaid by the following 

 section. In descending order : — 



6. Beds of hard dark-blue CoraZ-limestone with Spirifer sp., Orthis sp., etc. 



5. Shaly silicious beds. 



4. Thick-bedded reddish limestone. 



3. Reddish purple Cora/-limestone. 



2. Gnitty limestone with fossil traces. 



1. Thick-bedded dark-blue CoraZ-limestone. 



Higher up in the section follows the silicious series of the 

 upper silurians, whilst the uppermost part of the range over which 

 the Chor Hoti pass leads, is composed of the white quartzite (8) with 

 reddish brown Crinoid limestone (7) which certainly belongs to the 

 carboniferous system, and which overlays the blue limestone (6) 

 which is probably devonian (see section 3, pi. 3). 



The further extension of this section towards the north-east by east 

 North-east of the * reached from the Marchauk pass (north), and 

 Marchauk. came thus again on to silurian rocks cropping 



up beneath the younger palaeozoics of the Chor Hoti heights. The 

 silurian rocks there form the steep rugged slopes of Rimkin and the 

 Kurguthidhar heights, but they are to a great extent covered up by 

 an immense talus and moraine matter. South-east of Rimkin, the silu- 

 rian system is faulted against the triassic system, and some excellent 

 examples of crumpling near the line of fault is shown in the cliffs 



( 107 ) 



