172 



GRIESBACH : GEOLOGY OF THE CENTRAL HIMALAYAS. 



Systems. 



Upper 



Trias . 



Lower 



Permian 



Number 



in 

 sections. 



»3 



12 



II 



10 



Description of strata. 



Shales and limestone in great thickness, but no fossils 

 found. 



Hard black splintery limestone, and shales with numer- 

 ous white calcspar veins traversing the series in all 

 directions; contains: Daonella sp. and Hallstadt 

 types of Cephalopods. The thickness of this division 

 is very considerable, but I could not measure it. 



Hard grey limestone, with traces of Cephalopods, thick- 

 ness about 100 feet. 



Otoceras stage; lithologically similar to the lowest trias 

 (passage) beds of Shal-Shal ; yielded chiefly Cephalo- 

 pods ; Xenodiscus demissus, X. buchianus, etc. ; about 

 200 feet. 



Productus shales ; they are here rather thicker than in 

 the Painkanda sections, and may roughly be esti- 

 mated at 250 feet. They are quite black, carbonace- 

 ous, crumbling clay shales with partings of ferrugin- 

 ous concretionary layers and nodules of clay iron ore. 

 Fossils are scarce and not well preserved, but Pro- 

 ductus semi-t eticulatus may be identified amongst 

 them. Carbonized impressions of vegetable origin 

 and very indistinct remains of stalks. 



Resting on : white carboniferous quartzite (8). 



This section (4, pi. 7) seems to be the south-eastern continuation 

 Continu ti n f K' n- °^ ^e sec ti° n s exposed between the Uttardhura 

 gur section. anc j Kiangur passes north of Milam. Not only 



does the Lissar and Dhauli area lie within the strike of the flexures 

 north of Milam, but the general structure of the two synclinals cor- 

 respond in a remarkable degree. The synclinals of the Kiangur fig. 

 21 and Chidamu (pi. 2), should be compared with the upper Dhauli 

 Ganga flexure (4, pi. 7), and the conspicuous likeness of the Uttardhura 

 (pi. 2 and fig. 22) structure will be recognised again in the upper 

 Lissar river synclinal (4, pi. 7 and pi. 16). Unfortunately I have 

 not been able to examine the intervening ground, owing to the 

 obstinate and often forcible obstruction of the Tibetan petty officials 

 who keep guard over the passes leading into Hundes. 



Following the range or ranges, which forms the watershed be- 

 tween the Lissar and Dhauli Ganga still further 



Section 3, pi. 7. . . 



down to south-east, the structure becomes rather 

 ( 172 ) 



