176 GRIESBACH : GEOLOGY OF THE CENTRAL HIMALAYAS. 



feet inch. 

 / d. Dark limestone with indistinct plant re- 

 V mains .... ..08 



Productus ) c Dark micaceous shales with fucoid impres- 



shales — contd.\ sions . . < • . . 26 o 



/ b. Argillaceous limestone in thicker beds . 8 o 



\ a. Earthy shales with fucoid impressions . 5 o 



Upper Carboni- 



FER ous (8) . White quartzite series as above described. 



Near the base of this section the dip averages 22 to 25 to north- 

 east, but it rapidly increases near the centre of the synclinal, where 

 the beds are raised up vertical before turning over to the opposite 

 direction, south-west, east of the axis of the range. On the Dharma 

 side of the range I descended over the upturned edges of the beds; 

 the general succession is as seen on the west side of the range, and 

 the lowest beds seen belong to the upper trias (13 and 12), which are 

 exposed by the Dhauli Ganga, some seven miles below the source of 

 that river. They form there a greatly crushed anticlinal fold, the 

 same which is seen lower down the Dhauli Valley to consist of upper 

 carboniferous, where the river in its downward course exposes the 

 beds of the trias, permian and carboniferous in succession. 



The sequence of the strata remains much the same lower down the 

 Continuity of struc- valle y, though the structure of the flexures differs 

 ture, lower Lissar. somewhat. The anticlinal, along the axis of 



which the Lissar river is running in its upper course, is south-west 

 of the river and the reversed synclinal, which may be followed 

 along the entire right side of the Lissar valley, is seen to be more 

 than two miles from the river-bed. The section differs also in 

 this, that the folds on the right side of the valley are all formed 

 of silurian rocks (1, pi. 8). The band of bright coloured red quartz 

 shales (3) which overlies the purple quartzites (2) 1 of the haimantas 

 helps to illustrate the section, which would otherwise be very obscure, 

 as the strata are not only very much crumpled but in some places 

 crushed and faulted in every direction. The cliffs which over- 

 hang the right side of the valley belong to the upper silurians, 



1 The number (12) near the south-west termination of the section 1, pi. 8, should be 

 corrected to (2) of the haimanta system. 



( i 7 6 ) 



