KAMET AND SPlTl. IO r 



an abnormally large scale. Generally speaking the granite forms 

 large masses in the Central Himalayas, and has penetrated as a com- 

 plete net-work of veins and dykes into the neighbouring strata. In 

 this manner part of the haimantas have been changed into a more 

 or less crystalline rock. 



This granite, whether found developed as a great mass, as, for 



instance, in the Gangotri peaks, or found as fine 



Granite ; intrusive. ... 



net-work in the gneissose series, contains usually 

 plagioclase felspars, notably albite. It often assumes a porphyrinic 

 appearance with large twin crystals of felspar. It contains frequent- 

 ly many accessory minerals, amongst which hornblende is commonest 

 and may be found all along the belt of granitic intrusion. Besides 

 this beryl, tourmaline, garnet, and kyanite are found in it in many 

 localities, between the Bhagirathi and Sutlej. Some bosses and 

 branches of the main mass of granite are distinctly dioritic, which 

 feature is especially well seen north-east of Nilang. It forms the 

 great mass of the Badrinath, KedarncLth and Gangotri peaks, and 

 is seen in immense development south and west of the Shipki pass. 

 Near the contact of it with the metamorphic rocks and the haiman- 

 tas, the granite penetrates as an immense net-work throughout the 

 adjoining strata. Near the contact the sedimentary rocks are 

 further altered, often into a finely crystalline micaceous schist, or, 

 as, for instance, near Nilang village, where it has been changed into 

 a hornblendic rock. 



It forms an irregular belt, sometimes forming a compact mass, 



Forms an irregular sucn as composes the magnificent peaks and 



mountain groups of the Mana, Gangotri and 

 Kedarnath region, which rise to upwards of 25,000 feet, but oftener 

 forming smaller centres surrounded by a system of smaller intrusions. 

 Such is best seen in the area between Nilang and Shipki. 



The road ov^r the Shipki pass leads over one of these granite 



Shipki pass; granite centres, and how intricate the net-work of minor 



intrusions. ... , 



intrusions is may be seen in figure 8, which 

 represents the grand precipice on the right side of the Sutlej valley 

 O 2 ( I95 } 



