KAMET AND SP1TI. 213 



occasional intercalations of silicious and shaly beds of greenish and 

 pink colour. Near its junction with the red quartz-shales, beds of 

 dark (fossiliferous) Coral-Umestone alternate with the red shales, 

 which are there often replaced by greenish-grey beds of otherwise 

 similar lithological character. This alternation near its upper bound- 

 ary would alone have induced me to include the quartz-shales (3) 

 with the lower silurian, but the horizon seems more closely connected 

 with the underlying quartzitic haimantas into which it passes gradual- 

 ly ; so that I felt the red quartz-shales must rather be considered as 

 structurally to belong to the underlying system. In the Coral-Wme- 

 stone series (4) fossils are very common, though fine specimens are 

 not easily got out. Corals and Brachiopods of lower silurian type 

 are frequent. 



This series passes upwards into the flesh-coloured quartzite series 



(5), which is ever present in all the upper silu- 

 Quartzite series (5). m . 



rian sections of the Central Himalayas. The 



thickness of it may here be from 1,500 to 2,000 feet, though 1 am 

 inclined to think that it will be found to be rather below this estimate 

 in less disturbed sections. Within these crushed flexures jointing, 

 amounting often to considerable faulting, is so common, that a true 

 estimate of thickness is not easy. The passage from the lower silu- 

 rian Coral-Yimestone (4) into this series is gradual : beds of dirty grey- 

 ish flesh-coloured quartzite make their appearance between the dark 

 Coral-Umestone low down in the latter series, increase in frequency 

 higher up, until finally is developed as a distinct series which is roughly 

 characterized as being an alternation of flesh-coloured to brown, often 

 speckled quartzite and greyish-green shales with fucoid marks. The 

 latter often show imperfect cleavage, and near the upper boundary 

 increase in thickness. Fossils and casts of such are frequent through- 

 out the formation; they are nearly all Brachiopods ; Orthis sp. and 

 Corals of upper silurian type are found throughout. 



I believe that Dr. Stoliczka has rightly recognized this quartzitic 

 series as silurian, fossils being common in it, especially on its wea- 

 thered surfaces. 



( 213 ) 



