KANGRA-KULU EPJCENTRAL AREA. 21 



There were: — 



Killed .- ... m . 272 (184 rank and file). 



Dangerously injured .. _ 32(31 ditto ). 



Severely injured . . „. 70 (54 ditto ). 



Slightly injured .. ... 261(188 ditto X- 



Total Casualties 635 



The following proportions among officers and their families is in- 

 structive : — 



Killed .. .. .. ... .. 14 



Buried and rescued . . . . . . ... & 



Escaped . . . . . . . . . . 12 



Lieut-Col. and Mrs. Cowley were fortunately not present at the 

 time, only returning on the evening of 4th. Lieutenant Skene was also 

 absent. They are not included in the above figures. 



Of private houses " Woodside " presented the most remarkable in- 

 _ , . , stance of immunity from the worst effects of the 



shook. Lying a little below the tennis courts it 

 was surrounded on seyeral sides by higher spurs and ridges where the 

 destruction to buildings was either total or very extreme. As in the 

 case of other examples of immunity or f< earthquake shadows " that 

 will be mentioned, it lay in a slight hollow or on a flattish slope on 

 the S. E. aspect of the Cantonment hill. Its position thus was a 

 favourable one, and to that was added the advantage of good building 

 with good material (cut stone and lime mortar) and the fact that it 

 was only one storey high. In this house whose long walls run N. 3° E. 

 the worst effect was the fall of a chimney and part of the middle wall. 

 There were of course also wall fissures, the prominent ones dipping E. 

 at about 50° With the exception of these, the house presented to the 

 eye an almost undamaged appearance, heightened by the fact that of 

 the large panes of glass I foot 6 inches by 2 feet in the windows, not a 

 single one was broken. This last fact, strange as it may seem, is paral- 

 eled by others inDharmsala, e.g., Sessions House, Civil Hill (seep. 29). 



Due north of the upper parade ground (recently enlarged and a the 



1st Gurkha time of my visit— 18th April 1905— converted into a 



married quarters. yast ll0Spital camp) ]ics the ]st Gurkha Rifles mar- 



