30 MIDDLEMISS : KANGRA EARTHQUAKE 



simply a heap of stones with window frames and rafters projecting from 

 the untouched debris. 



" Mortimer Cottage," also a double-storied building near by, was in a 

 very similar condition. 



11 Bryn " stood on a very steep-sided spur, and as a consequence not 

 only was this solidly built, single-storied stone house ruined (see pi. 8, 

 fig. 2), but there were also fissures in the ground 3 — 6 inches wide, opened 

 lengthwise parallel to the crest of the ridge. There were as many as 

 20 or 30 of these on each side of the house. 



As compared with other steeper hillsides, neither the Cantonment 

 Fissures in the hil] nor the Civil hill showed much in the way of 

 earth fissures. Such fissures as appeared on the 

 steeper ridge crests and the slopes on each side were frequently parallel 

 to the present contour lines. On the crest of the Cantonment ridge in 

 the steeper parts they consequently ran N. W. — S. E. especially above 

 and below the parade ground, whereas along the cart road on the S. E. 

 slopes of the higher parts of the same hill they ran N. E. and S. W. 



From the Cantonment hill, the steep scarps north of Bhag Devi 

 (about 5 miles W. N. W. of Dharmsala) could be seen to be in- 

 terrupted by frequent large landslips. 



Other prominent fissures on the Civil hill have been noticed in the 

 previous descriptions. 



Naddi village, situated on a spur N. W. of the Dal lake, and which 



„.., ., ., is one of the ofishoots of the Dharmkot hill, was 



Hillsides and vil- 

 lages N. and N. E. only about half damaged. Travelling round the N. 

 of Dharmsala. s ^ e f Db arm kot hill from this village one looks 



across a wide valley which descends westerly from the saddle uniting 

 Dharmkot hill with the higher ridges beyond to the N. This valley and 

 saddle roughly mark the line of that great structural feature of the 

 whole Himalayan range known as the main boundary fault 1 which 

 separates the Nahans and other younger tertiary rocks from the older 

 Himalayan series composed of slates and limestones. Across the valley 

 and about one mile away several hamlets with crowded houses were 



1 See Mem. G. S. of I., Vols. Ill, XXlV, pt. 2, and XXVI. 



