3g MIDDLEMISS : KANGRA EARTHQUAKE. 



tombs had horizontal cracks. One flat slab o[ stone had shifted i inch 

 towards E. 3° S with a trace of twisting. 



The roads in the neighbourhood of Kangra wherever they pass 

 alone the edge of a river-bed, and especially when 



Roads ; Bridge. , * . . ' ,,.-*, 



they pass up the mam river-beds under elms of sub- 

 recent gravel or of Siwalik conglomerate, had been much broken away ; 

 and at the time of mj" visit (24th April) were only just becoming 

 passable for small vehicles. The large iron girder bridge with stone 

 piers, which crosses the river just below old Kangra, and is elevated 

 40 ft. above the river, had only suffered damage to the towers which 

 rise from the piers. These had generally fallen towards the east. 



Route from Kangra to Dera Gopipur. 



This journey was made in two stages, and whilst at Dera Gopipur 

 I visited Jawalamukhi returning the same day. The country lies in 

 the heart of the Siwalik formation and is characterised by long 

 parallel ranges of conglomerate, sand-rock and shales, striking N. W. — 

 S. E., and with long dip-slopes facing N. E. and scarps facing S. W. 

 as a rule, the" angle of dip increasing from 10° to 40°. This traverse 

 well illustrated the rapid dying-out of the effects of the earthquake 

 in this direction, for when Dera Gopipur was reached all visible signs 

 of damage to buildings had ceased. Within this small radial distance 

 we descend through the 10, 9 and 8 isoseismals 



Dauiatpur, the first considerable village met with on the way, 



differed in no material respects from Kangra itself 

 Dauiatpur. 



The bazar had been completely destroyed, and the 



main road traversing it had to be re-cut through the debris. This 



and a Devi shrine, a simple sibra rolled over on its side, are well 



depicted in the view (see pi. 2, fig. 2). As regards the latter the heavy 



and solid superstructure had doubtless crushed the foundations before 



it toppled over into the road. 



Two large lopped trees within a few miles of Dauiatpur had fallen, 



one 8. 12° W. and the other N. W. They had scarcely any roots 



and were probably in a dying condition. 



