40 MIDDLEMISS : KANGRA EARTHQUAKE. 



whole of this lofty, old and heavy structure was seamed with old 

 and new vertical cracks, all more evident at the summit of the walls. 

 Jawalamukhi lies east of Dera Gopipur and at the base of and 

 T . on the slopes of the scarp rising about 2,000 ft. 



Jawalamukhi. r i e> 



above the valley which runs N. W. to Ranital. The 

 damage done is chiefly to the part of the town resting on the slopes 

 (see pi. 11, fig. 2) and is about equal to that at Ranital and Shahpur. 

 The celebrated temple had not suffered much, and the inflammable gas 

 given off by the springs in the latter, I was told, had not been 

 affected. But it was universally admitted that the water flowing 

 down the ravine from springs had been doubled in volume. A large 

 bell of bronze, weighing more than 18 maunds (of 40 seers) had fallen 

 W. S. W- On the way to Jawalamukhi from Dera the damage made 

 itself apparent by gradual stages, but there was very little serious 

 damage until the slopes of the hill were reached. 



Route from Kangra to Palampur. 

 This route, as far as Malan, passes along the flat Kangra Valley, 

 composed as before of sub-recent gravels, etc. It then runs S. E. for 

 a few miles between two ridges of Siwalik sandstone and then along 

 the flat valley deposits to Palampur. The villages on the way, in- 

 cluding Nagrota and Malan, were nearly equal to Kangra in point of 

 destruction. Two stone bridges across the streams between Kangra 

 and Nagrota were broken, and diversions and new bridges had been 

 constructed. The Malan bridge, a stone arch, was intact, but the 

 raised approach to it was shaken to pieces. 



Palampur. 

 The pretty little town of Palampur with its surrounding Tea 

 Estates suffered grievously from the earthquake. Its site on a long 

 N — S. terrace of pub -recent gravels stretching from the foot of the 

 higher mountain range out into the plains, and with a steep cliff on the 

 west leading to the bed of the Maul Khad resembled that of the Kofc- 

 wali bazar, and doubtless caused a local magnification of the surface 

 effects. 



