KANGRA-KTJLU EPICENTRAL AREA. 47 



N. W. — S. E. that is, parallel to the ridge. The chowkidar said the 

 shock came along the ridge, and not across it. Many of the wails 

 were partly broken down, and the roof had been buckled somewhat. 

 Being a strongly built, single-storied house, however, it had stood 

 fairly well. The very ancient travellers' bungalow, badly built of 

 fragments of undressed slate and mud mortar, was in nuns, and the 

 outhouses partly down . 



From the summit of this ridge we get a first glimpse into the 

 Country beyond to mountainous area of the next geological zone, 

 east ' instead of the view being blocked (as happens 



N. of Dharmsala) by lofty ridges of gneissose granite forming the 

 Dhauladhar range. We can see for many miles into a quite different 

 style of country, the much sculptured, and broadly and deeply eroded 

 older rock series of the Outer or Lower Himalaya of the Kulu Divi- 

 sion. In this direction which takes one to the Bubu pass, the steep E. 

 slopes of the Jhatingri ridge, composed of finely foliated mica schists, 

 showed very few signs of landslips. The wooden bridge with stone 

 piers at the bottom of the intervening valley was intact, and so ap- 

 peared most of the villages as seen from thi3 distance. The Bubu 

 pass, however, was not as yet open to traffic. With a telescope it 

 appeared to be blocked in the narrow summit defile by fallen masses 

 of rocks. 



As it was impossible to cross by the Bubu pass into Kulu, I 

 returned from Jhatingri to the main road to Mandi, and made my 

 first halt at Urla. On the way I noticed the prevalence of small 

 landslips and soil-cap slips as the main-boundary fault was approached. 

 The travellers' bungalow at Urla was in much the same state as that 

 at Shahpur. It was built of rough stone slabs of slates, etc., fitted 

 together without mortar or mud cement, and with wooden beams 

 horizontally laid among the stones at intervals. This style of building 

 is a debased, form of the hill type of wood and stone buildings, so 

 common in Kuiu and other hilly parts of the Himalaya, and to which 

 I shall have to refer to again later on. The chimney had fallen W. 



