316 MIDDLEMISS : KANGRA EARTHQUAKE. 



From Baijnath the shock is described by one observer as lasting 3 

 R .. n to 5 seconds and without any preliminary tremors, 



whilst by another it is described as all one huge 

 vibration, increasing gradually in intensity until he was nearly thrown 

 off his feet. The ground is stated to have been apparently moving in 

 waves and that trees swayed with terrific force to within a few feet of 

 the ground, whilst puffs of dust, marking falling villages, progressed from 

 south to north. The sound, which was a roar like a gale approaching, 

 occurred 5 seconds before the shock began. The last description seems 

 to bear the stamp of careful analysis, whilst both agree that there was 

 but one movement. The same point is brought out in the evidence 

 furnished from Drang and Mandi, but from the last place the quake is 

 represented as 3 almost successive shocks, the direction being N.W.- — 

 S.E. and preceded by a booming noise. 



From Bajaura the evidence of one observer familiar with earth- 

 quakes testifies to there being but one single accele- 



Bajaura. . ...... 



rating motion increasing in violence to a maximum 

 and then dying down, the duration being 1 J minutes taken by a stop 

 watch. The direction is doubtful, for whilst one observer gives it as 

 N. — 3. another equally credible gives it as E. — W. (from which it is 

 probable that the direction changed during the progress of the shock). 

 One observer states that the quivering motion of the ground was so 

 irregular that objects not only shook sideways but also danced up and 

 down like a bubble of water on a hot plate. It was very difficult to 

 stand during the more violent phase. The sound, which was a dull 

 rolling becoming like a cannonade, began 10 seconds before the 

 shock. 



The above practically concludes the statements and deductions for 

 Conclusion for the ^e Kangra-Kulu epicentral area between the X and 

 Kangra-Kulu area. ix isoseists, and from them one or two points seem 

 to emerge which seem reasonable and congruous with other conclusions 

 regarding the earthquake. It seems clear that as we proceed from 

 Dharmsala in an E.S.E. direction the character of the earthquake 



