344 MIDDLEMISS : KANGRA EARTHQUAKE. 



high pitch to affect the observer's particular tympanum until the direct 

 condensational wave that carried them along had itself developed its 

 full swing. 



Although the large number of records rendered available by 

 nreans of the earthquake forms have, as we have seen, given many 

 discordant results concerning the nature of the sound and its relation to 

 the shock, one valuable and certain conclusion seems to have been 

 established which could not have been obtained in any other way than 

 by such diverse written testimony. We may in fact be quite certain from 

 the general coalescence of the time of sound and felt shock that the two 

 came together transmitted through the same medium. The sound as 

 heard in any given locality could not have been an intense sound 

 emanating from certain definite lines or points on the earth's surface, 

 at a distance from the observer and transmitted through the air, and 

 consequently weakened and dissipated by distance. Otherwise these 

 sounds would have followed the shock at ever-varying periods after it, 

 rolling in like distant thunder does many seconds after a flash of light- 

 ning. The evidence unmistakeably points to the fact that the aerial 

 vibrations that have their immediate effects on the auditory nerves are 

 purely locally derived from the ground beneath each observer. This 

 fact, coupled with the known varying and defective impressions due to 

 the limited registering powers of the individual ear, render the great 

 variety in the precise time, nature, and progress of the described sound 

 perfectly natural and understandable. 



VII.— MISCELLANEOUS PHENOMENA OF THE 

 EARTHQUAKE. 



Effects on Canals, Rivers and Streams. 



Tn the Bari Doab Canal between Bhimpur (10 miles south of 

 Pathankot in the Gurdaspur District) and Sathiali 



Ban Doab Canal. ,„_ ., , ,~, v *•- -m *-i -wr *i i 



(10 miles south of Gurdaspur) Mr, F. F. Kanthack, 

 ,xecutive Engineer, 1st Division, Bari Doab Canal, from personal inspec- 



