Crap. VII. DESCRIPTION OF BREEDS. 227 



indomitably courageous, exhibited even in the hens and chickens. An 

 unusual number of differently coloured varieties exist, such as black and 

 brown-breasted reds, duckwings, blacks, whites, piles, &c, with their legs 

 of various colours. 



2. Malay Breed. — Body of great size, with head, neck, and legs 

 elongated ; carriage erect ; tail small, sloping downwards, generally formed 

 of 16 feathers; comb and wattle small; ear-lobe and face red; skin 

 yellowish; feathers closely adpressed to the body; neck-hackles short, 

 narrow, and hard. Eggs often pale buff. Chickens feather late. Disposi- 

 tion savage. Of Eastern origin. 



3. Cochin, oe Shangai Beeed. — Size great ; wing feathers short, arched, 

 much hidden in the soft downy plumage ; barely capable of flight ; tail 

 short, generally formed of 16 feathers, developed at a late period in the 

 young males ; legs thick, feathered ; spurs short, thick ; nail of middle toe 

 flat and broad; an additional toe not rarely developed; skin yellowish. 

 Comb and wattle well developed. Skull with deep medial furrow; occipi- 

 tal foramen, sub-triangular, vertically elongated. Voice peculiar. Eggs 

 rough, buff- coloured. Disposition extremely quiet. Of Chinese origin. 



4. Dorking Breed. — Size great ; body square, compact ; feet with an 

 additional toe ; comb well developed, but varies much in form ; wattles 

 well developed; colour of plumage various. Skull remarkably broad 

 between the orbits. Of English origin. 



The white Dorking may be considered as a distinct sub-breed, being a 

 less massive bird. 



5. Spanish Breed.— Tall, with stately carriage ; tarsi long ; comb single, 

 deeply serrated, of immense size; wattles largely developed; the large 

 ear-lobes and sides of face white. Plumage black glossed with green. Do 

 not incubate. Tender in constitution, the comb being often injured by 

 frost. Eggs white, smooth, of large size. Chickens feather late, but the 

 young cocks show their masculine characters, and crow at an early age. 

 Of Mediterranean origin. 



The Andalusians may be ranked as a sub-breed : they are of a slaty blue 

 colour, and their chickens are well feathered. A smaller, short-legged 

 Dutch sub-breed has been described by some authors as distinct. 



6. Hamburgh Bkeed (fig. 31).— Size moderate; comb flat," produced 

 backwards, covered with numerous small points ; wattle of moderate dimen- 

 sions ; ear-lobe white ; legs blueish, thin. Do not incubate. Skull, with the 

 tips of the ascending branches of the premaxillary and with the nasal bones 

 standing a little separate from each other; anterior margin of the frontal 

 bones less depressed than usual. 



There are two sub-breeds; the spangled Hamburgh, of English origin, 

 with the tips of the feathers marked with a dark spot; and the pencilled 

 Hamburgh of Dutch origin, with dark transverse lines across each feather, 

 and with the body rather smaller. Both these sub-breeds include gold 

 and silver varieties as well as some other sub-varieties. Black Hamburghs 

 have been produced by a cross with the Spanish breed 



7. Crested or Polish Breed (fig. 32).-Head with a large, rounded crest 

 of feathers, supported on a hemispherical protuberance of the frontal bones, 



Q 2 



