404 ACTION OP MALE ELEMENT. CHAp x 



the real hybrid, or even than the quagga. One of the two colts 

 had its neck and some other parts of its body plainly marked 

 with stripes. Stripes on the body, not to mention those on the 

 legs, and the dim-colour, are extremely rare,— I speak after 

 having long attended to the subject,— with horses of all kinds in 

 Europe, and are unknown in the case of Arabians. But what 

 makes the case still more striking is that the hair of the mane 

 in these colts resembled that of the quagga, being short stiff 

 and upright. Hence there can be no doubt that the quagga 

 affected the character of the offspring subsequently begot by the 

 black Arabian horse. With respect to the varieties of our 

 domesticated animals, many similar and well-authenticated facts 

 have been published, 138 and others have been communicated to 

 me, plainly showing the influence of the first male on the progeny 

 subsequently borne by the mother to other males. It will suffice 

 to give a single instance, recorded in the ' Philosophical Trans- 

 actions,' in a paper following that by Lord Morton : Mr. Giles 

 put a sow of Lord Western's black and white Essex breed to a 

 wild boar of a deep chesnut colour ; and the " pigs produced 

 partook in appearance of both boar and sow, but in some the 

 chesnut colour of the boar strongly prevailed." After the boar 

 had long been dead, the sow was put to a boar of her own black 

 and white breed, — a kind which is well known to breed very 

 true and never to show any chesnut colour, — yet from this union 

 the sow produced some young pigs which were plainly marked 

 with the same chesnut tint as in the first litter. Similar cases 

 have so frequently occurred, that careful breeders avoid putting 



138 Dr. Alex. Harvey on 'A remark- other fathers. A French poet, Jacques 



able Effect of Cross-breeding,' 1851. On Savary, who wrote in 1665 on dogs, was 



the ' Physiology of Breeding,' by Mr. aware of this singular fact. Dr. Bower- 



Keginald Orton, 1855. ' Intermarriage,' bank has given us the following striking 



by Alex. Walker, 1837. ' L'Heredite' case :— A black, hairless Barbary bitch 



Naturelle,' by Dr. Prosper Lucas, torn. was first accidentally impregnated by a 



ii. p. 58. Mr. W. Sedgwick in ' British mongrel spaniel with long brown hair, 



and Foreign Medico-ChirurgicalBeview,' and she produced five puppies, three of 



1863, July, p. 183. Bronn, in his which were hairless and two covered 



' Geschichte der Natur,' 1843, B. ii. s. 127, with short brown hair. The next time 



has collected several cases with respect she was put to a full black, hairless 



to mares, sows, and dogs. Mr. W. C. Barbary dog ; " but the mischief had 



L. Martin (' History of the Dog,' 1845, been implanted in the mother, and again 



p. 104) says he can personally vouch for about half the litter looked like pure 



the influence of the male parent of the Barbarys, and the other half like the 



first litter on the subsequent litters by sJiort-hahed progeny of the first father." 



