FISH. 135 



the opercle, and lower down on this last piece some very deep strise, running parallel to its 

 junction with the preopercle, as in the Pilchard, but still more strongly marked. 



The commencement of the dorsal is very little anterior to a middle point between the end 

 of the snout and the base of the middle caudal rays. The ventrals are beneath the posterior 

 half of the dorsal as in the Pilchard. There are the same two elongated scales on each side of 

 the caudal as in that species. The scales on the body, however, are much smaller than in the 

 Pilchard, with their free portions striated, the basal portions marked with some irregular 

 curved lines running in a transverse direction towards the median line of the scale. 



D. 11 ; A. 18 or 19 ; C. 19, &c. ; P. 18 ; V. 8. 



Length 10 inches 6 lines. 

 Habitat, Lima, San Lorenzo Island. 



Alosa pectinata. Jen. 



Plate. XXV. 

 A. corpore ovali, altitudine prope tertiam partem longitudinis <equante : ventre cari- 

 nato, serraturis, prcesertim inter pinnas ventrales et analem, acutis : maxillis subcE- 

 qualibus, edentulis : preoperculo venoso ; operculo striata : squamis pectinatis : pinnis 

 ventralibus paulo ante dorsalem exorientibus . 



D. 16 ; A. 21 ; C. 19, &c. ; P. 17 ; V. 7. 

 Long. unc. 12. 



Form, — Of an oval compressed form, the depth very considerable, equalling very nearly one-third 

 of the entire length. Head contained about three times and three quarters in the same. 

 Abdomen sharply carinated, with strong serratures, especially between the ventrals and anal. 

 Jaws nearly equal, perhaps the lower one a little the longest ; intermaxillary deeply notched ; 

 no apparent teeth anywhere. Eyes rather high, partly covered both anteriorly and posteriorly 

 by a membranaceous veil ; their diameter about one-fifth the length of the head ; more than 

 one diameter between them and the end of the snout. Subopercle obliquely rounded off at 

 bottom, but the curvature of the posterior margin of the opercle and subopercle taken together 

 not very considerable. Preopercle marked with vein-like ramifications ; opercle similarly 

 veined, and also striated below, as in the species last described, though more finely. Scarce 

 any trace of a lateral line. 



Scales moderately large, thin and membranaceous. One from the middle of the side of 

 a sub-oblong form, the hinder angles rounded, its length only two-thirds of its breadth ; the 

 greater portion of the surface marked with exceedingly delicate striae, scarcely visible without 

 a strong lens, the anterior margin pectinated, and with a slightly projecting lobe in the 

 middle. The scales as they approach the tail, become longer in proportion to their breadth, 

 the basal margin more rounded, and sometimes with a strongly projecting lobe in the middle. 

 The pectinations are longest on the scales covering the nape. 



The dorsal commences a little behind the middle point of the oval of the body, and the 

 ventrals are attached a little in advance of that fin. The anal commences a little behind the 

 termination of the dorsal, and reaches to the commencement of the fleshy part of the tail : the 

 last ray in both dorsal and anal is slightly lengthened beyond the preceding ones. The pec- 



