46 THE ORCHID REVIEW, 
carneum, S. coriifolium, and Bartholina pectinata; and the European— 
Serapias Lingua and Nigritella angustifolia. 
Before the close of the century about fifty exotic species were in cultiva- 
tion in England, as may be seen by the second edition of Aiton’s work, 
published in 1813. 
Prior to 1758 only three or four exotic Orchids appear to have been in 
cultivation, but in that year the North American Liparis liliifolia is recorded 
as cultivated by Peter Collinson; and the beautiful Calopogon pulchellus is 
said to have been cultivated by William Malcolm before 1771. This also is 
North American. 
The year 1775 appears to have witnessed the advent of the first Epiden- 
drum,—E. conopseum, which was introduced from Florida by John Fother- 
gill, M.D. Two years later Habenaria fimbriata was sent from Canada by 
William Pitcairn, M.D. In 1778 Epidendrum fragrans is said to have 
been sent from Jamaica by Francis Goldney, and a year later the European 
Nigritella angustifolia appeared, being introduced by the Rev. S. Good- 
enough. 
The first Cymbidium imported was the Chinese C. ensifolium, which is 
‘said to have been cultivated by John Fothergill, M.D., before 1780. Arethusa 
bulbosa was sent from North America by William Young, in 1784; and 
‘Cypripedium acaule by William Hamilton, in 1786. In the latter year two 
‘West Indian species were imported—Epidendrum cochleatum by Alexander 
Anderson, and Bletia florida by R. A. Salisbury. In 1787 Pogonia divaricata 
was sent from North America by John Fraser; while Satyrium carneum, S. 
coriifolium, and Bartholina pectinata were sent from the Cape of Good 
Hope by Francis Masson, during the same year. 
The beautiful Phaius grandifolius was imported from China about the 
year 1788, by John Fothergill, M.D., and a fine coloured plate appeared in 
the first edition of Aiton’s Hortus Kewensis in the following year, under the 
name of Limodorum Tankervillz. Orchis papilionacea was also introduced 
from South Europe in 1788, by John Sibthorp. 
In 178g Cymbidium pendulum was sent from China to Messrs. Loddiges, 
of Hackney—a firm destined to exert an enormous influence on the cultiva- 
tion of Orchids in the early part of the present century. Serapias Lingua 
was also introduced from South Europe during this year by Sir Francis 
Drake ; while the North American Habenaria herbiola is recorded as being 
cultivated before 1789, by John Fothergill, M.D. 
The last decade of the century witnessed a very great development, as 
no less than twenty-five species were introduced, the number thus being 
about doubled. Seven species appeared during 1790, all from the West 
Indies, and five of them representing additional genera. They are as 
follows :—Ornithidium coccineum, sent by Alexander Anderson; Steno- 
rhynchus speciosus, by Sir John Boothby; Sauroglossum elatum, by 
