The Terms, Species, Race. 49 



spite of all differences, the races are of one Species. 

 And, moreover, being of one species, they are in- 

 ferred to have had one common origin; which, in 

 biological matters, means that they* sprang from 

 one primitive pair. If this is so, scientific evidence 

 corroborates, with its process of induction, the doc- 

 umentary evidence presented in the narrative of 

 Moses. We begin by recurring to biology (No. 

 104, etc., below) for the explanation of these 

 terms: species, race. Then we shall apply them 

 to the subject of anthropology. 



51. By the term, species, we mean a collection of 

 organic individuals more or less resembling one 

 another, in their external aspect or in- 

 ternal structure; productive in their species' 

 unions among themselves, so that they 

 perpetuate the same collection in nature, by generat- 

 ing other individuals of their own kind; and one of 

 the consequences thereof is, that originally all can 

 have descended from one primitive pair, identical in 

 kind with them. This description of species, which 

 is evidently founded in nature, and is exemplified in 

 the whole of biology, is not to be confounded with 

 another use of the term, species, whereby it is taken 

 to signify any mere class. Thus, a distinguished 

 palaeontologist, attached to the U. S. Geological 

 Service, uses the term, as if in biology we signified 

 by it any mere group. We classify, he says, organ- 

 ic beings, as we would classify bottles; and there- 

 fore, he concludes, there is jio reason why one 



